書寫與記憶──漢魏六朝文學現象的一種考察

Writing and Memory: An Examination of Literary Phenomena in the Han through Six Dynasties Eras

陳*如(Ching-Ju Chen)

指導教授 ： 鄭毓瑜

國立臺灣大學/文學院/中國文學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.01050

摘要

本文題爲「書寫與記憶──漢魏六朝文學現象的一種考察」，立基於宇文所安《追憶：中國古典文學中的往事再現》一書的脈絡，援用其他學科領域的記憶研究，期對漢魏六朝的文學現象，作一書寫與記憶之關係、以及二者與「典範」建構之關係的考察。第壹章「緒論」回顧生物學、心理學、社會學、史學、哲學之功能性記憶、習慣記憶、集體記憶等記憶研究，及宇文所安《追憶》圍繞著記憶所展開的文學研究，作爲全文的基礎。第貳章「歷史記憶與文化認同」，由記憶的功能性出發，討論涉及「記憶」之內涵的書寫，和文學典範性體裁、創作手法之構成。第參章「身體行動與空間想像」，由身體展開的記憶，習慣記憶、創傷記憶等，以「登臨懷古」爲例，討論其成爲文學典範、其「登高─睹物─興情」之創作程式成爲典範程式的過程。第肆章「遺忘抵抗與意義建構」，根據記憶的特質談建立典範的內在因素和情感，並且以「峴山」的意象建構爲例，談書寫如何抵抗遺忘、延續記憶。除了作爲文學研究的對象，「記憶」也可以是一種論述的方式，本文著重於建構的動態過程，討論了文學典範、記憶、書寫之關係：集體記憶中，書寫對記憶的改造、延續，記憶對書寫的參與、影響，共同建構了文學的典範。

關鍵字

記憶 ； 書寫 ； 文學典範 ； 登臨懷古 ； 建構

並列摘要

This thesis, Writing and Memory: An Examination of Literary Phenomena in the Han through Six Dynasties Eras, is based on central themes in Stephen Owen’s Remembrances: The Experience of the Past in Classical Chinese Literature, and cites research on memory from a variety of fields of study. The thesis will examine the relationship between writing and memory, and the way in which both writing and memory connect to the creation of literary paradigms in Six Dynasties literature. The first chapter, or “Introduction,” will lay a foundation by looking at research on functional memory, ritual memory, collective memory, and other types of memory. It will consider the perspectives on memory offered by biology, psychology, sociology, history, and philosophy, as well as the literary research Stephen Owen has pursued on memory. The second chapter, “Historical Memory and Cultural Identification” starts from the functionality of memory, exploring the way in which the content of memory is put into writing, as well as the construction of paradigmatic literary forms and writing techniques. By looking at memory arising from the body, ritual memory, and traumatic memory, the third chapter, “Bodily Movement and Spatial Imagination,” will focus on the example of “deng lin huai gu” [ascent and encounter with evoked and evocative memories of the past]. Discussion will focus on the way in which deng lin huai gu became a literary paradigm and the process by which the ordered sequence of “ascending to a high vantage point; seeing an object (evocative of the past); and experiencing a flood of emotion” became a paradigmatic compositional structure. Chapter Four, “Resisting the Loss of Memory and the Construction of Meaning” discusses the internal elements and emotions operating in construction of paradigms, with focus on the special character of memory. The chapter will look at the imagery of
Xianshan Mountain as an example of how writing acts to extend memory and combat its loss. In addition to the function of memory as an object of scholarly inquiry, memory can also constitute a method of discourse. After focusing on the dynamic process of construction of paradigms and discussing the connection between literary paradigms, memory, and writing, the thesis ultimately reveals how in collective memory, literary paradigms are constructed by synchronous action between writing and memory: writing shapes memory; and memory participates in the writing process.

並列關鍵字

memory ； writing ； literary paradigm ； deng lin huai gu ； construction

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