固態培養 Monascus spp. 生產 monacolin K及色素

Production of monacolin K and pigments by Monascus spp. in solid state culture

簡可欣(Ko-hsin Chien)

指導教授 ： 周正俊

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/食品科技研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.02134

摘要

本研究利用固態培養方式，首先比較不同 Monascus spp.（M. pilosus BCRC 31527、M. pilosus BCRC 31505、M. purpureus BCRC 31501、M. purpureus BCRC 31499、M. purpureus BCRC 31615、M. purpureus BCRC 32668 及 M. ruber BCRC 31535）在精白在來米基質中之生長情形及色素與 monacolin K 之產生。並進一步探討不同基質包括精白在來米、在來糙米、蓬萊糙米、糙糯米或小麥，糖類（葡萄糖、果糖、麥芽糖或蔗糖）及氮源（YE、MSG 或 peptone）之額外添加以及基質之初始水含量對 M .ruber BCRC 31535 之生長及色素與 monacolin K 產生之影響。
結果顯示，以精白在來米為基質在所測試之各 Monascus spp.中，M. ruber BCRC 31535 所產生之 monacolin K （46.4 mg/kg dried koji） 產量最高。
不同種類之米基質會影響 M. ruber BCRC 31535 monacolin K 及色素之產生。大致而言，將其培養於在來糙米可得最高 monacolin K 之產量（86.5 mg/kg dried koji）及色素。添加 1% 果糖於在來糙米中可提高 monacolin K 之產量，惟再提高果糖添加量為 4% 時，雖可促進色素之產生，但不具有提高 monacolin K 之效果。
以添加有 1% 果糖及 1% 不同氮源（YE、MSG或 Peptone）之在來糙米基質製備 M. ruber BCRC 31535 紅麴，雖可提高色素之產量，但卻降低 monacolin K 之生成。基質初始水含量對 M.ruber BCRC 31535 之生長、色素及 monacolin K 之產生有顯著之影響。當初始水含量為 63% 時，M. ruber BCRC 31535 色素之產生顯著地較其他初始水含量者高。而在初始水含量為 53.4 % 時，monacolin K 之產量最高，達 116.7 mg/kg dried koji。

關鍵字

固態培養 ； monacolin K

並列摘要

Abstract
In this study, various solid cultures of Monacus spp. (Monascus spilosus BCRC 31505, M. pilosus BCRC 31527, M. purpureus BCRC 31501, M. purpureus BCRC 31499, M. purpureus BCRC 31615, M. purpureus BCRC 32668, and M. ruber BCRC 31535) were first prepared on polished Indica type rice. Productions of pigment and monacolin K in the solid cultures were then compared. The effect of rice substrates (polished Indica type rice, de-hulled Indica type rice, de-hulled Japonica type rice, de-hulled glutinous rice and wheat), supplementation of nitrogen sources (yeast extract, monosodium glutamate and peptone) and carbon sources (glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose) as well as the initial water content (43.6%, 49.6%, 53.4% and 63%) of the substrate on the production of pigment and monacolin K was further investigated.
Results revealed that among the various strains tested, M. ruber BCRC 31535 showed the highest production of monacolin K.
Production of monacolin K and pigment by M. ruber BCRC 31535 varied with the kinds of rice substrate. The highest production of monacolin K ( 86.5 mg/kg dried koji) and pigment was noted when M. ruber BCRC 31535 was grown on de-hulled Indica type rice. Supplementation of 1% fructose to the de-hulled Indica type rice substrate enhanced the monacolin K production. Increasing the fructose-supplementations level to 4%, although enhanced the pigment production did not further increased the production of monacolin K.
Further supplementation of 1% of nitrogen source (yeast extract, monosodium glutamate or peptone) to the fructose (1%)-added rice substrabe resulted in the increased pigment and decreased monacolin K production by test organism. Initial water content of rice substrate was also found to affect the production of pigment and monacolin K by M. ruber BCRC 31535 significantly. The highest amount of monacolin K (116.7 mg/kg dried koji) and pigment was found in the culture of M. ruber BCRC 31535 grown in the rice substrate with an initial water content of 53.4 and 63.0%, respectively.

並列關鍵字

solid state culture ； monacolin K

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