雲嘉南濱海國家風景區形成的空間歷程：以台南縣濱海地區為例

The Spatial Transformation of the Southwest Coast National Scenic Area：A Case Study on Tainan County Coastal Area

陳俊安(Chun-An Chen)

指導教授 ： 張長義 ； 周素卿

國立臺灣大學/理學院/地理環境資源學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.02819

摘要

台南縣濱海地區於2003年底正式納入「雲嘉南濱海國家風景區」範圍，因此，生態旅遊及觀光發展成為本區長期穩定的區域空間結構再轉化的重要動力。歷經十餘年來從七股工業區到濱南工業區的開發爭議及其引發之地域社會對立的過程裡，「國家風景區」的發展方案被提出，並進而成立。
本區由於自然環境變遷的歷程，加上不同階段之國家及民間社會等行動主體的發展力量，型塑了台南濱海地區的產業地景，包括「潟湖養殖及漁撈業」、「陸地養殖漁業」及「鹽業」等，形成了長期穩定的區域空間結構。於是乎，濱海產業地景形成的背後有其歷史條件、自然環境、政治、經濟及社會等深刻的脈絡存在。本研究透過濱海地區空間結構形成過程的檢視，藉此進一步探究濱海地區空間結構轉化的動力、過程和衝突；並藉由國家、地方政府和民間社會三者的施為及互動分析，檢視「雲嘉南濱海國家風景區」形成的空間歷程。本研究亦以「黑面琵鷺」及「台鹽公司與鹽業」兩案例來進行微觀分析，探索結構轉化過程裡，國家�地方政府及民間社會的角色。
透過對台南縣濱海地區長時間結構的型塑與轉化的過程分析，本研究指出台南縣濱海區域可視為在「自然環境」、「歷史時間」及「人與社會」的多重性交織互動下，從而型塑而成的「地理區域」；「區域」則可被視為長時間結構與過程。而當代台南縣濱海區域空間結構轉化的力量，建基於「區域歷史脈絡」、「國家/地方政策」及「地方社會能動性」三者之間的辯證關係，其主要動力則為風管處和地方政府，而兩者之間的密切合作是區域加速轉化的關鍵驅力。

關鍵字

區域 ； 國家政策 ； 國家風景區 ； 空間結構 ； 台南縣濱海 ； 黑面琵鷺 ； 台鹽

並列摘要

Tainan County Coastal Area has been categorized into the “Southwest Coast National Scenic Area” in 2003. Therefore, ecological tourism becomes the key motivation of the long-term regional spatial re-transformation. Throughout the controversial issue over the development of Chigu Industrial Park and Binnan Industrial Park, and the confrontations it had caused in the local society over decades, ‘National Scenic Area’ was proposed as a resolution and, moreover, had been adopted.

Due to the transition of natural environment, and the development forces from public and private actors in different periods, the industrial landscape of Tainan County Coastal Area, such as ‘ lagoon fish-farming and fishing’, ‘inland fish-farming’ and ‘ salt mining’, has been shaped and, in turn, established a stable regional spatial structure. Thus, behind the industrial landscape, there exist some profound threads such as historical circumstances, natural environment, politics, economy and society. This research endeavors to investigate the motivations, process and conflicts in the spatial transformation by examining the spatial construction of the area, to look into the spatial transformation of the Southwest Coast National Scenic Area by analyzing the actions and interactions within the nation, local governments and society, and to explore the roles of the nation, local governments and society in the spatial transformation by doing the case studies on ‘the conservation of black-faced spoonbill’ and ‘Taiwan Salt Industrial Corporation and the salt industry’.

Throughout the process analyses of the long-term transformation, this research indicates that Tainan County Coastal Area is a ‘geographical area’ formed through the multi-interaction of ‘natural environment’, ‘historical period’ and ‘human society’; and, at the same time, ‘region’ is a long-term structure as well as process. The forces that carry out the contemporary spatial transformation of Tainan County Coastal Scenic Area are generated from the dialectic relation within ‘regional historical text’, ‘ national/local policy’ and ‘ local social drivability’. And, furthermore, the close cooperation between the National Scenic Area Administration and local governments, which are the main forces of the transformation, is the crucial drive that speeds up the regional transformation.

並列關鍵字

region ； national policy ； national scenic area ； spatial structure ； Tainan County Coastal Area ； black-faced spoonbill ； Taiwan Salt Industrial Corporation

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