當代客家流行音樂的族群再現與文化認同

The ethnic reappearance and cultural identities of Contemporary Hakka popular music

楊蕙嘉(Hui-Chia Yang)

指導教授 ： 王俐容

共同指導教授 ： 洪泉湖

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

一向以來，客家族群的音樂是豐富的、多樣的。舉凡山歌、小調、戲曲、童謠，無一不是客家族群引以為傲的文化資產。但隨著時代的改變，年輕一代的客家子弟，不會說不會聽客家話的人相當多，大多數人只能聽懂一點點的客家話，至於說一口流利的客家話，簡直比登天還難，所以有心人士為了讓客家人在客家文化薪火傳承中，能夠找到屬於自己的認同，在1990年代前後，客家歌曲的創作者陸續為客家歌曲創作，以多元的形式來詮釋客家歌曲，不僅為它注入新生命，其質與量的成果也是有目共賭，在流行樂界的金曲獎競賽中尤見到其來勢洶洶的輝煌紀錄。
本研究以客家流行歌曲為主題，初步先將創作歌手的專輯一一分析，歸納出族群再現的特色，再運用深度訪談法來探索創作歌手以及文化仲介者對於客家流行音樂的想法與經驗意義。研究發現客家流行音樂所代表的客家意象非常的多元，它創造出歌手們想要的客家文化，型塑自己想要的客家意象並且超脫過去對客家人的刻板印象，以及為客家族群找尋新方向。而客家流行音樂不僅喚起閱聽者身為客家人血緣的本質；也喚醒閱聽者回鄉的心情；另外客家流行音樂中的語言元素也是造成文化認同的最大關鍵，使得客家流行音樂成為客家族群的重要表現與認同象徵。

關鍵字

客家 ； 流行歌曲 ； 族群再現 ； 文化認同

並列摘要

Hakka ethnic music is always well-known for it abundance and diversity,such as mountain songs,folk songs, dramas, and nursery rhymes are the cultural heritage that Hakka ethic’s most proud of.
With the changing time, the younger Hakka generation cannot speak their mother tongue,however most of them can understand a little bit by listening. As to speak
Hakka fluently is like trying to going up to the space.To make Hakka people identify themselves with Hakka heritage, in 1990s, Hakka song writers intepret Hakka songs in multiple ways. They not only bring ner life into Hakka songs, but also achieve tremendous records in the field of pop music in Gold Melody Awards .Their accomplishment in quality and quality is obvious to all.
The research subject is based on Hakka pop music.Initially it analyzes the albums of creative song writers ,and induct the characteristics of reappearance in them.Then employs in-depth interview method to explore thoughts and empirical meaning that the creative singers and culture intermediary have toward Hakka pop music.
This research finds out that Hakka pop music represents multiple Hakka images.The song writers creat Hakka culture that they desire,sculptstheir own Hakka images which are beyond the former stereotype given by the Hakka ethnic in the past,and search a brand new direction for Hakka people.
Hakka pop music not only recalls the Hakka nature in listeners,but also arouses the moods of returning hometown.The linguistic factor is the key to result in culture identification,and makes Hakka pop music become he representation and identification of Hakka ethnic.

並列關鍵字

Hakka ； pop song ； ethnic reappearance ； cultural identities

參考文獻

王雯君（2004）〈客家邊界—客家意象的詮釋與重建〉，《疆界/

學社會與文化研究所。

(2005)〈從網際網路看客家想像社群的建構〉，《資訊社會

林文玲（2001）〈米酒加鹽巴：「原住民影片」的再現政治〉，

《台灣社會研究季刊》第43期，頁197-234，台北：唐山。