近年來金磚四國或十一國之經濟崛起,全球用油量的需求劇增,進而帶動油價的高漲,使得以貨運運送為主航空公司的燃油成本佔總營運的成本節節升高,甚至佔其總成本達50%~60%之高比例。據此,若能有效利用有限的航機資源以建構一最適的飛航排程,實為航空公司現階段及未來營運上相當重要的一個課題。 本研究利用網路流動技巧建立排程模式,以描述貨物與機隊在時空網路圖中流動,包含機流時空網路和多重物流時空網路。物流時空網路依起迄點的不同構建多重起迄時對(OD-time pair)時空網路。因此本研究模式可視為一混合整數多重網路流動問題,且其屬於NP-hard問題,故問題規模龐大複雜。有鑑於此,本研究擬以C++程式語言建構排程模式,並利用遺傳演算法進行求解,之後本研究可求解出:1.最小飛航成本之貨機飛航排程結果2.貨機最佳飛航路徑。之後,本研究針對某國籍航空公司之歐洲貨運航線營運資料為例,進行實証研究與敏感度分析,本研究發現:遺傳演算法確能有效率的在短時間內獲致不錯的近似最佳解;且應用於貨機飛航排程模式求解中確實能達到不錯的效果。最後,期能將本研究之研究成果提供給航空貨運業者規劃其未來短中期營運下合適之航點、貨機飛航排程與建立班次表之參考。
The golden brick four countries or the eleven countries has been booming for the past several years, and the oil demand sharp increasing in the world. It is cause of the oil price unceasing rise, it has soared which occupies about 50%~60% operating costs to an air cargo airline, therefore, the result of air freighters fleet routing will affect carrier’ profitability in the air market. We employ network flow techniques to construct the model. In order to formulate the flows of cargos and fleet in the dimensions of time and space, the study used multiple cargo and fleet-flow networks. The model is formulated as an integer multiple commodity network flow problem that it is characterized as an NP-hard problem. So the problem size is huge and complexity. The research composes by the C++ language and develops the genetic algorithm solution. The research can solve minimizing the operating cost and the best fleet routing. The model is expected to be a useful planning tool for nationality airline cargo to determine a suitable fleet routing and Timetable Setting in their short-term operations. In empirical study, we analyze the main point and restriction, although using the genetic algorithms to solve solution can not be proved the optimal solutions, but they can produce many good approximate solutions in a short time. The genetic algorithms combined with heuristics can replace traditional mathematics method and obtain better performances. Finally, to evaluate model and use genetic algorithm, we perform a case study by using the real operating data from a major Taiwan airline.