應用分子生物技術檢測豬糞尿廢水厭氧共消化產氫菌之研究

Molecular Identification on Hydrogen Production Microbial Community in Anaerobic Swine Wastewater and Sludge Co-digestion

李育宏(Yu-Hung Lee)

指導教授 ： 林信一

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2011.00061

摘要

本研究第一部分污泥樣本來自生活污水廠污泥和養豬業廢棄糞尿，進行加酸和無加酸處理，比較單相式與酸處理兩相式厭氧消化，以探討在加酸處理上是否有助加速水解提高甲烷化速率和污泥消化減量之效益。第二部分(1) 加酸和無加酸處理豬糞尿厭氧消化污泥(2)有加酸和無酸處理生活污水廠污泥和豬糞尿厭氧共消化污泥(3)加酸處理污水廠和豬糞尿兩相式厭氧共消化污泥，以16S rRNA 基因為基礎來探討，有加酸和無加酸處理、不同操作因子之微生物菌群種類，利用PCR增加大量的16S rRNA基因，以基因轉殖技術，將細胞插入細菌質體，完成轉殖，檢測目標樣本菌種，以委外定序菌種，比較各微生物之間相似與差別。
進流污泥TS濃度控制15,000 mg/l時，兩相式厭氧共消化實驗，DCOD和TVS消化率為70%、40%以上，109 ml CH4/g TCODremoved，比無酸處理單相式的DCOD和TVS高於40%、10%，比有酸處理單相式的DCOD和TVS高於30%、5%以上，加酸兩相式反應實驗產能都比單相式實驗高出30%以上。
在微生物相的部分共分六種污泥(1)加酸處理豬糞尿、(2)無加酸豬糞尿、 (3)加酸處理生活污水廠污泥和豬糞尿、(4)無加酸生活污水廠污泥和豬糞尿、(5) 加酸處理生活污水廠污泥和豬糞尿兩相式之酸化槽污泥、(6)加酸處理生活污水廠污泥和豬糞尿兩相式之甲烷槽污泥，在觀察結果以微生物相複雜，原因是本研究以實場的模式進行實驗所以在微生物相的方面差異會有所不同，結果觀察到以豬糞尿進行厭氧消化，優勢菌為Arcobacter spp.、Rikenella spp.、Sulfurovum spp.，在兩相式厭氧實驗中酸化槽和甲烷化槽，以酸化槽優勢菌為Castellaniella spp.、Arcobacter spp.、Escherichia/Shigella spp，甲烷化槽優勢菌是Rikenella spp.。

關鍵字

豬糞尿廢水 ； 厭氧共消化 ； 基因轉殖 ； 聚合酵素鏈鎖反應 ； 完全攪拌連續流反應槽

並列摘要

The sludge samples of are from living sewage sludge and swine industry with acid added treatment and acid not added treatment to compare single-phase with acid to two-stages-reactors in anaerobic co-digestion for discussion of whether acid can helpful to accelerate the hydrolysis recation and improve methanation formation and reduce sludge digestion efficiency. The second part are (1) the swine waste anaerobic sludge acid added and without acid addition treatment (2) acid and acid-free treatments of living sewage sludge and swine manure anaerobic (3) acid added treatment of Two-Stages Process in Anaerobic sludge from living sewage sludge and swine sludge for discussion of the acid added and acid-free treatment of microbial flora of different types of operating factors and a number of increased DNA by the use of PCR were planted cells into the bacterial DNA by genetic screening technology to complete the transformation and detect target bacteria samples for outsourcing sequencing strain and comparison of the similarities and differences between the made micro-organisms based on 16S rRNA gene.
Once the inlet sludge TS concentration is controlled in 15,000 mg / l, the two-stages-reactors in anaerobic co-digestion experiments, DCOD and TVS digestibility are 70%, 40% or more, 109 ml CH4/g TCODremoved, which is higher than DCOD and TVS 40% and 10% of the acid-free One-Stages Process treatment. And it’s 30% and 5% higher than acid One-Stages-Reactors DCOD and TVS. The acid Two-Stages Process experiment has the result 30% higher than One-Stages Process experiment.
In microbial, there are six kinds of sludge dominant bacteria divided, (1) acid added swine acid sludge (2) acid-free swine sludge (3) acid added sewage plant sludge and pig manure (4) without the addition of acid sewage sludge and swine sludge (5) acid added treatment of living sewage and swine Two-Stages Process acetogenesis reactor sludge and (6) acid added treatment of living sewage and swine Two-Stages Process methanogenesis reactor sludge. The results in observation revealed complex microbes, because the real field experiments in this study caused the difference in micro aspects. It can also be leaned that the results observed in the anaerobic digestion of swine sludge has benefit bacteria of Arcobacter spp., Rikenella spp. and Sulfurovum spp. It can also be leaned that the results observed in the anaerobic digestion of acetogenesis reactor has benefit bacteria of Castellaniella spp.、Arcobacter spp. and Escherichia/Shigella spp.. It can also be leaned that the results observed in the anaerobic digestion of a methanogenesis reactor has bacteria of Rikenella spp..

並列關鍵字

Swine Wastewater ； Anaerobic Co-Digestion ； Clone ； PCR ； Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor

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