本研究旨在探討使用於網頁中的彈跳視窗 (Pop-up window),其呈現方式對 使用者網頁瀏覽認知負荷及偏好之影響。據調查報告顯示,目前使用頻率最高的網路功能,即為「瀏覽資訊、網頁」;而使用Pop-up window於網頁上,不但可預先呈現相關資訊,且易受到使用者的注意;然而,Pop-up window的出現是否會造成使用者網頁瀏覽的干擾,帶來負面的影響?使用者能否在瀏覽網頁時,同步吸收Pop-up window內資訊?對於不同瀏覽動機之使用者,是否有不同呈現方式的偏好?彙整過去文獻,尚無一個明確的答案。 研究分為三階段。第一階段為初步歸納目前使用於網頁中Pop-up window之呈現方式,並於第二階段徵募16位受試者進行前測,進一步地確認出正式實驗因子:「資訊型態」以及「視窗位置」。第三階段的正式實驗中,自變項為2種「任務導向」、3種「資訊型態」以及2種「視窗位置」;其中,48位受試者依「任務導向」分為兩組,為受試者間設計;而各組中瀏覽由3種不同「資訊型態」以及2種不同「視窗位置」所組成之6種網頁,為受試者內設計。研究依變項分為「偏好」及「認知負荷」,偏好將從「主觀偏好量表」以及「客觀記憶力」深入探討;認知負荷則是從「認知負荷主觀量表」以及「客觀任務績效」分數來判定。 研究結果發現,對於主動尋求資訊的使用者 (Task組),傾向 Pop-up window以「文字」或「文字加圖片」型態出現於文章上,而被動接受資訊使用者 (No Task 組) 則建議利用「文字加動畫」型態置於文章外;整體來看,使用「文字加圖片」型態可增加記憶,但「文字加動畫」較吸引使用者注意。本研究可作為網頁設計之參考依據,期望在提供更多訊息的同時,降低使用者網頁瀏覽的負荷,並提高使用者之接受度。
Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of Pop-up window presentation ou users’cognitive load and preference while browsing the web page. “Browsing” and “searching” the web page is the most frequently action on the internet for user based on the investigation report. Pop-up window on the web page could not only provide more related information but catch the users’ attention most easily. However, pop-up window in the web page may interfere with the action of web browsing. Is it possible that user receive the information inside the pop-up window simultaneously when browsing the web page? Unfortunately, there is still not a clear discussion in reference review. The research methodology could be divided into theree stages. First stage was the generalization of current pop-up window presentation. Second stage was pre-test and 16 subjects were recruited to decide the formal experiment factors: Two kinds of “browsing goals”, three kinds of “information type inside the pop-up window” and two kinds of “pop-up place”. Third stage was the formal experiment stage and 48 recruited subjects were randomly assigned in each “browsing goal”group. All of particapants were read six different web pages then wrote the questionnaire. The two dependent factors were“preference”and “cognitive load”. “Preference”was composed of subjective rating scale and objective memory test. “Cognitive load” was determined by subjective cognitive load rating scale and objective task performance. The results showed that subjects who searching information actively (in task group) prefered the “text” or “text with graphic”type inside the pop-up window which was appeared above the web content. But the subjects who facing the information with no purpose (in no task group) tend to the “text with animation”type inside the pop-up window which was appeared beside the web content. As the whole, the“text with graphic” type would be better for users’ memory and “text with animation”attracted user more easily. The result of this study could be helpful for the web page designer and hope to not only decrease workload while browsing the web page but also increase preference of the user.