暖化對全球來說,不僅僅是溫度上升而已,諸多現象顯示,暖化已威脅到人類的生死存亡。其根本原因為人類對化石燃料與天然資源的持續依賴,使得二氧化碳濃度大幅提升。2008年聯合國環境計畫署(UNEP)指出,旅遊業產生5%的全球溫室氣體排放量,每人每次旅遊至少製造23公斤的二氧化碳。因此,本研究藉由國內外相關文獻的彙整,找出旅遊過程中可能影響排碳量的關鍵因子,進而發展低碳旅遊評量指標,降低旅遊活動所產生的排碳量。有鑑於低碳旅遊於國內外尚於起步階段,本研究採用德爾菲技巧與模糊理論之結合,進行專家問卷的發放,藉由觀光休閒、環境與旅行業專家的觀點,協助低碳旅遊評量指標建立。本研究以旅行社與旅客角度建立低碳旅遊評量指標系統,第一回合專家問卷中共發展36項候選指標,根據專家意見於第二回合中修改為37項指標,後續利用模糊收斂、模糊重要性、卡方與無母數檢定,將尚未收斂的11項重要性指標與12項可操作性指標做為第三回合問卷內容。最後,藉由專家評選,再以門檻值進行篩選,共發展出31項重要性指標與30項可行性指標。目前國內仍欠缺具有科學基礎的低碳旅遊評量系統,本研究認為,應由政府率先發展低碳旅遊相關認證,藉此增加國人的低碳意向、改變旅遊趨勢,進而提升業者發展低碳行程的意願。節能減碳雖為世界趨勢,卻也造成市面上過多的「漂綠」產品,期望能藉由本研究引導國內對低碳旅遊議題之重視,也期盼藉由該評量指標來教育業者與旅客,以達永續觀光發展之目標。
Global warming is not only a rise in temperatures but also is a threat to survival of the mankind. The original nature of humankind, which is to rely on fossil fuels and natural resources, result in a significant increase in carbon dioxide. In 2008, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) noted that the tourism industry produces 5% of the world greenhouse gas emissions and indicated that every person who are travelling produces 23 kilograms of carbon dioxide. This study use Fuzzy Delphi technique and distribute questionnaires to the industries experts in order to collect opinions and construct an indicator to measure the low-carbon travel of tourists. From the tourists and leaders of industries’ point of view,this study established an indicator system for developing low carbon travel .There are 36 indicators in the expert questionnaire of first round.Then,according to expert opinion of last round,this study revises of 37 indicators.Finally,using the standard to sift through the system,the significant indicators is a total of 31items ,and the operational indicators is a total of 30 items.Although the carbon reduction is the new worldwide trend, it brings much "green-washing" products on the market. This study hopes to draw attention on the low-carbon issues in Taiwan and uses the new measurement indicator to educate industries leaders and tourists in order to develop a more sustainable tourism.