有無共病現象之注意力缺陷過動症兒童父母親因素探討

Parenting stressor and parental symptomatology among parents of ADHD with and without comorbidity

臧汝芬

指導教授 ： 張正芬

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/特殊教育學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

中文摘要
國外的研究是家有過動兒，父親易有親職壓力，合併共病的過動兒父母，比無共病者，具較多親職壓力與身心適應症狀，親職壓力與身心適應症狀有相關。
本研究的主要目的是探討過動兒父母比正常兒童父母有無較多親職壓力，共病組易比無共病組之過動兒父母，有無較多親職壓力，共病組易比無共病組之過動兒父母，有無較多身心適應症狀，親職壓力與身心適應症狀有無相關。
本研究是選擇台北市某一醫學中心兒童心智科門診，年齡範圍為6~12歲，診斷為過動兒之複診小學生個案，以Mini kid國際兒童青少年會談手冊作半結構式會談過動兒之學生與父母，區分有共病現象與無共病現象之過動兒家庭研究樣本，由研究者完成基本資料問卷，由父母完成親職壓力量表 (parenting stress index)、身心適應問題量表(symptom check list, SCL-90)。
本研究的研究結果是過動兒父母比正常兒童父母，有較多親職壓力；共病組比無共病組父母較有親職壓力，尤其在親職壓力量表的兒童分量表之兒童強求性變項上，得分較高；共病組比無共病組父母，有較多身心適應症狀困擾；父母的親職壓力與身心適應症狀有相關性，尤其是父母特質因素（親職能力、親子角色投入、憂鬱）與身心適應症狀有相關。
本研究的研究建議是以學校為主的心理輔導工作(school-based mental health)中，須加強有共病現象過動兒的輔導，呼籲兒童青少年精神專科醫師須與學校的相關輔導專業合作，較多介入過動兒的醫學模式(medical model)新資訊，並加強有共病現象過動兒父母的親職能力。

關鍵詞: 過動兒，共病現象，親職壓力，身心適應症狀

關鍵字

過動兒 ； 共病現象 ； 親職壓力 ； 身心適應症狀

並列摘要

Parenting stressor and parental symptomatology among parents of ADHD with and without comorbidity

Ruu-Fen Tzang

Objectives: the objective of this study is to analyze: 1, the parenting stressor is more severe than normal children. 2, parenting stressor of ADHD with comorbidity children’s parent is more severe than ADHD without comorbidity 3, parental symptomatology of ADHD with comorbidity is more severe than ADHD without comorbidity. 4, whether parenting stressor had relationship with parental symptomatology.
Methods: we consequently interview ADHD children and their parent with Mini kid to differentiate the ADHD with comorbidity and ADHD without comorbidity group. Then ask their parents perform the parenting stressor index and parental symptomatology scale (symptom check list, SCL-90).
Results: the parenting stressor of ADHD children is more severe than normal children. Parenting stressor and specially childhood demandingness stressor of ADHD with comorbidity children’s parent is more severe than ADHD without comorbidity. Parental symptomatology of ADHD with comorbidity is more severe than ADHD without comorbidity. Parenting stressor had relationship with parental symptomatology.
Conclusion: this study showed that parent of ADHD need help from school counseling and psychiatric expertise. School base mental health programs should emphasize the counseling toward ADHD with comorbidity children and promoting their parent’s parenting ability under the cooperation of special educator, school counseling, and child adolescent psychiatrist.

Keywords: ADHD, comorbidity, parenting stressor, symptomatology

並列關鍵字

ADHD ； comorbidity ； parenting stressor ； symptomatology

參考文獻

Abidin, R. R., & Wilfong, E. (1989). Parenting stress and its relationship to child health care. Child Health Care, 18(2), 114-116.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4 ed.). Washington, DC Author.

Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., Shelton, T. L., & Dupaul, G. J. (1992). Parenting stress among families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 503-520.

Anderson, J. C., Williams, S., McGee, R., & Silva, P. A. (1987). DSM-III disorders in preadolescent children. Prevalence in a large sample from the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 44(1), 69-76.

APA. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical namual of mental disorders(4th ed.), text revision.Washington, DC.