應用資料探勘於遲緩兒照護者壓力之研究

A Study on the Stress Level from Caregivers of Children with Developmental Delay Using Data Mining Technique

官大州(Da-Jou Guan)

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本研究主要探討導致發展遲緩兒童之疾病及造成之遲緩程度、遲緩類型，與遲緩兒童疾病對照護者造成何種壓力的產生，遲緩類型彼此之間以及遲緩類型與壓力源的關聯性，並提供遲緩類型、遲緩程度之後續照護與復健知識及主要照護者壓力紓解之常識。經問卷資料與醫院資料庫藉由資料探勘技術之決策樹與關聯規則進行資料分析。結果顯示，使用決策樹於探勘遲緩程度分類上，規則準確度為89.33%。以分類結果來看，輕度遲緩佔92份居多，中度遲緩41份次之，由此顯示大部分個案中的發展遲緩兒童為輕度的遲緩。其次，使用決策樹於探勘照護者壓力分類上，研究結果分類正確數為98份，規則準確度為65.33%。以壓力源分類結果來看，照護者在「來自照顧兒童的壓力」居多，佔67份，顯示大部分的照護者在「來自照顧兒童的壓力」有較大的壓力感受。在遲緩類型與壓力源之關聯分析上，兒童出現語言、動作、心理與社會、生活自理技能發展遲緩的情況下，使得照護者在「來自照顧兒童的壓力」方面有較大的壓力感受，其信賴度為70.6%，有密切的關聯性存在。從醫院資料庫研究結果採用決策樹進行資料分析工作，於探勘遲緩類型分類上，研究結果292份為分類正確個案數，規則準確度為56.59%。發展遲緩兒童之遲緩類型以同時俱「認知、語言以及動作遲緩」居多，佔153份；「語言遲緩」次之，佔110份。在遲緩類型關聯規則上，認知、語言、動作遲緩彼此之間有密切的關聯性存在，其信賴度為97.8%。本研究結果對於不同遲緩類型及遲緩程度給予適切的療育建議，使其能早日減緩遲緩之程度，並建議照護者需透過「同心協力」、「情感交流」、「適當的戶外休閒」、「照護知識」以及「專業心理師輔導」等壓力紓解方式，以正面、積極的態度面對生活的每一天。

並列摘要

This study mainly discusses the illnesses that result in a child’s development delay, the levels of delay, the types of delay, and which type of stress is affecting caregivers due to these illnesses of a developmentally delayed child. Moreover, this study examines the correlations among different types of delays, and between these delay types and the sources of the stress problem. Simultaneously, this study also provides aftercare resources, rehabilitation information, and common sense to help stress relief of main caregivers of children with each type and level of developmental delay. After conducting data analysis applying decision tree and association rule of data mining technique through questionnaires and hospital database, the results indicate that, first of all, the accuracy of the rule for applying decision tree to mining classifications of delay levels is 89.33%. From the classification results, children with minor levels of delay takes the lead, which has 92 pieces of data, followed by those of intermediate delays with 41 pieces, showing that the majority of developmentally delayed children has minor developmental delays. Secondly, the accuracy of the rule for applying decision tree to mining classifications of stress of caregivers is 65.33%, with research results of correct number of cases being 98. From classifying results of stress sources, caregivers receive most of their stress from “caring for children”, which takes 67 pieces of data, indicating that caregivers feel most stressful from “caring for children”. Concerning the correlation analysis of delay types and stress sources, under the condition of a child exhibiting delays in language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive/self-help skills, caregivers will feel more stressful from “caring for children” with a reliability of 70.6%, indicating a very close correlation. Conducting data analysis of hospital database research results using decision tree for mining classifications of delay types, the results shows that 292 pieces of data are the correct classification cases, with rule accuracy of 56.59%. As for the delay types of the developmentally-delayed children, those exhibit “cognitive, language, and motor delays” are the majority, taking 153 pieces; followed by those with “language delays”, taking 110 pieces. Regarding the association rule of delay types, a close correlation exists among cognitive, language, and motor delays, with 97.8% reliability. The results of this study suggest appropriate intervention service programs based on individual levels and types of developmental delays in hopes to decrease the delay levels as soon as possible. Also, it is recommended in this study that caregivers should attempt to reduce their stress through “working together”, “joining support groups”, “doing proper leisure activities”, “establishing sufficient care knowledge”, and “seeking helps from professional psychological services” and cope with their everyday activities and routines with positive and optimistic attitudes.

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