自鋁門窗的出現後,它就取代了傳統木料或其他材料所製的窗戶,成為現代建築物不可或缺的一部分。由於家庭用戶、商業用戶或工業用戶等的不同,以及建築物本身架構與規模的不同,鋁門窗的安裝多半是以客製化的方式進行的;換言之,安裝鋁門窗的專業技術人員必須依安裝現場的情況,為該場地量身打造適用的鋁門窗。因此,專業技術人員本身的技術與安裝流程的正確性等,都會影響後續鋁門窗安裝的品質及使用的成效。若因為鋁門窗安裝不當必須重新安裝,因此造成的人工成本增加、材料的損失與安裝公司信譽的損失,對安裝公司來說都是很嚴重的事,尤其公司很可能由獲利變為虧損。 由於傳統對鋁門窗安裝工程的品質檢驗方式都是屬於事後被動式的,因此,當經過品質檢驗後才發現問題時,損失或傷害都已造成,此時所做的只不過是減少損失的程度及迅速將問題解決掉。若能將對鋁門窗安裝工程的品質檢驗採用事前主動的方式進行,那麼就可於安裝前就將可能發生問題的狀況排除,或即使一旦問題發生了,也能迅速將該問題解決並將損失極小化。 在主動或事前預防的措施方面,失效模式與效應分析(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, FMEA)是一個經過確認,而且普遍應用的工具。為了確保個案公司鋁門窗的安裝能維持其一定水準的品質並滿足顧客的需求,本研究乃以失效模式與效應分析的方法,探討個案公司鋁門窗安裝流程的每個步驟與內容,嘗試藉此方法將鋁門窗安裝流程中可能發生的各種問題(失效模式)及其造成的不良後果(效應)都辨認出來,並依其重要性排序。如此一來,個案公司可以在鋁門窗安裝前有效避免這些潛在問題的發生,或即使這些問題發生了,也能迅速依事先擬定的處理方式一一解決,使得個案公司因此有效降低因為安裝流程問題所造成的損失或浪費。
Aluminum window has replaced the other material’s window since its emergence and becomes a vital part of modern buildings. Aluminum window needs to be customized to fulfill the different attributes of the installment sites. Therefore, the expertise of the technician and the installment process all has impacts to the installment quality. It causes severe loss for the company if the aluminum windows need to be reinstalled because of errors during the installment process. Traditionally, the quality inspection of aluminum window installment tends to be reactive instead of proactive. Therefore, damage has been done every time when defect has been discovered. If the quality inspection of the aluminum window installment can be proactive and applied in advance the defects can be avoided before the installment begins and thus minimize the loss caused by those defects. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) has been proved to be an effective, proactive quality assurance method for the design of products or processes and applied to many industries or areas. In this research, FMEA has been applied into the aluminum window installment process to identify the potential problems (the failure modes) and its importance so the case company can avoid those potential problems when its technician installing the aluminum windows and minimize the loss caused by those problems.