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  • 學位論文

五軸工具磨床線上刀具幾何影像檢測系統開發

The Study of On-line Image Inspection System for Tool Geometry in the Five-axis Tool Grinder

指導教授 : 李炳寅
共同指導教授 : 陳進益(Jenn-Yih Chen)
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摘要


電腦視覺是使用十分廣泛的技術,以瑕疵檢測、尺寸量測及動態攝影等為主,其中不乏有機械業、零件加工、科技業等產業正廣泛使用,刀具尺寸精度將影響加工物件品質,若能有一套刀具檢測系統以有效地量測刀具幾何外形,便可得知刀具幾何尺寸後進而補正刀具研磨工程。 本論文主旨在於使用Borland C++ Builder研發一套刀具影像檢測系統,搭配五軸工具磨床以及可拆裝式影像檢測機構,可線上即時擷取刀具影像進行影像幾何分析,利用工具磨床之控制器設定影像檢測機構之座標系統位置並實行量測自動化、對焦自動化等人性化功能;使用次像素進行數位影像的計算,藉此提高量測之解析度,並利用霍式轉換法過濾邊緣點位置,讓精準度能夠更加提升;人機介面以教導式圖片視窗介面提示使用者操作流程步驟,系統可量測主要之泛用刀具,如平銑刀、圓鼻刀、球刀、鉸刀、鑽頭等幾何尺寸,量測功能可量測刀具外徑、圓弧半徑、螺旋角、離隙角、角度與距離等;線上刀具幾何影像量測系統能在刀具研磨完成後量測刀具之幾何外形尺寸,進而在線上即時作補償刀具研磨的設定,提高刀具的研磨品質和降低刀具生產成本以及時間。 本影像檢測系統主要功能中的圓弧半徑量測,其量測之重現性誤差為 ±0.001mm;兩平行線之垂直距離外徑量測重現性誤差為±0.002mm,實驗結果顯示與德國自動刀具量測儀Zoller genius 3之量測數據相比之下,本文的量測數據誤差皆在1%之內。

並列摘要


Computer vision is a universal technology which be chiefly used in flaw detection, dimension measurement, and dynamic photography. Nowadays, such as machinery, process, and technology industry has adopted this technique for some applications. The tool dimension precision mainly influences the quality of process products. If there is a tool inspection and measurement system to measure the tool geometry effectively, we will learn the dimension and adjust the tool grinding works. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a tool image inspection and measurement system by Borland C++ Builder. Firstly, we can capture tool images on-line for image geometry analysis via a disassembled inspection mechanism on the five-axis tool grinder. Using the controller of the tool grinder to set the coordinate location of the mechanism and implement the humanized functions of autofocus and automatic measurements. The digital images were calculated by the subpixel approach to improve the measurement resolution, and filtered the edge point location by Hough transform to upgrade the precision. The human machine interface has a tutoring manner for users to operate the measuring procedures. This proposed measurement functions can measure the geometric dimension like the diameter, radius, helix angle, axial relief angle, and axial clearance angle of different end mills, reamers, or drills after finishing the tool grinding processes. Furthermore, the grinding processes can refer to the on-line measuring results to compensate the tool dimension. Therefore, the on-line image inspection and measurement system can improve the precision of tool grinding, product quality, and reduce the product cost. The repeatability error was ±0.001 mm for the radius measurement of the present image inspection system, and the repeatability error was ±0.002 mm for the outside diameter measurement by using the vertical distance of two parallel lines. Compared with the measurement results via a well-known tool measuring and inspection machine, the error of our experimental data was below 1%.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


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盧鈜俞(2013)。端銑刀之模組式檢測系統開發〔碩士論文,國立虎尾科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2013.00162
洪志雄(2012)。教導式銑削加工與線上影像量測系統之開發〔碩士論文,國立虎尾科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0028-2511201218124800
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林宜玲(2016)。刀長量測儀之檢測系統開發〔碩士論文,國立虎尾科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0028-1808201614151200

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