嘉義縣長青活力站社工員規劃高齡活動之 轉化學習歷程研究

A Transformative Learning Process Research Based on Chiayi County Evergreen Active Stops Social Workers' Elder Activity Scheme

吳佳蓁(Chia-Chen Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳毓璟

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育系高齡者教育研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討嘉義縣長青活力站社工員高齡活動規劃的現況與其規劃活動轉化學習的歷程。包括：瞭解嘉義縣長青活力站高齡活動執行的現況；瞭解長青活力站社工員高齡活動規劃的情形與經驗；探討長青活力站社工員活動規劃的困難與學習需求；最終，探討長青活力站社工員活動規劃中轉化學習歷程的實踐。
為達上述目的，本研究採以質性方法進行，以立意取向訪問六位嘉義縣長青活力站之社工員作為研究對象，此外，研究者在不干擾受試者的前提下，前往數個長青活力站據點，輔以參與觀察，了解長青活力站的執行現況。再將訪談所得到的資料以三角交叉檢定法作檢核。
本研究主要發現分為三大面向，共十點結論，如下所示
壹. 長青活力站高齡活動的執行現況
一. 長青活力站的活動規劃由社工主導，同時社工也需招募社區高齡者、安排據點服務員人力、記錄高齡活動、處理行政事宜與社區外展服務等工作任務。
二. 長青活力站常見的活動內容包含一般例行動靜態活動、與社區連結的戶外活動以及旅遊觀摩等多元類型的高齡活動
三. 每一據點存在多元的差異性，而據點的長輩普遍喜愛動態性質的活動與實用性的手工藝課程

貳. 長青活力站社工員活動規劃情形
一. 長青活力站社工規劃高齡活動著重在設計與帶領兩步驟，較為缺乏事前評估與活動後之評鑑
二. 社工規劃高齡活動的影響因素有:服務對象差異性、服務協同者差異性、社區資源、經費與場地
三. 長青活力站社工目前遭遇的困難有：缺乏活動靈感、高齡活動缺乏新奇性、本身規劃高齡活動專長有限、服務對象差異大、據點的溝通衝突、長輩離世的衝擊與當地社區連結不易
四. 長青活力站社工自覺的學習需求的課程有：高齡活動規劃技巧、適合高齡者的主題課程、老人社會工作者的專業知識、生死教育與人際溝通技巧。

參. 長青活力站社工員活動規劃的轉化學習歷程
一. 失敗的經驗、負向的評價、溝通的衝突是觸發長青活力站社工反省原有觀點常見的因素
二. 長青活力站的社工同事、據點中的長輩與服務員常扮演引發社工員活動規劃舊有觀點轉化與新觀點建立的角色
三. 長青活力站的社工從事高齡活動規劃的轉化學習的歷程是持續循環的。
根據上述研究結論，給予學校相關科系、老人福利機構、長青活力站社工員以及未來研究方向等四面向提出建議。政策面則建議於長青活力站增列具有高齡教育專業之人才，或強化社工有關高齡教育活動規劃之專業能力。

關鍵字：長青活力站、社工員、高齡活動規劃、轉化學習、質性研究。

關鍵字

高齡活動規劃 ； 社工員 ； 長青活力站 ； 轉化學習 ； 質性研究

並列摘要

This research aims to discuss the present situation of Chiayi County Evergreen Active Stops social workers' elder activity scheme, and the transformative learning process of activity scheme, including understanding the present executive situation of Evergreen Active Stops elder activities, understanding the situation and experiences of Evergreen Active Stops social workers scheming elder activities, discussing the difficulties and learning needs of Evergreen Active Stops social workers' activity schemes, and finally, probing into the realization during transformative learning process of Evergreen Active Stops social workers' activity schemes.
To reach the purposes above, this research applies qualitative method to make purposive interviews to 6 Evergreen Active Stops social workers. Furthermore, on the premise of not interfering with the interviewees, the researcher pays visits to several Evergreen Active Stops to take participant observations to understand the current executive situation of Evergreen Active Stops. Then, the researcher exams the collected datas with triangulation.
This research includes 10 conclusions which are in 3 main dimensions, which are shown as below:
A. The current executive situation of Evergreen Active Stops elder activities
1. Evergreen Active Stops activity schemes are mainly directly by social workers, and meanwhile, these social workers recruit elders in the community, arrange human resources of the stops, put records of elder activities, handle administrative affairs and community outreach service and the other tasks.
2. The common activities of Evergreen Active Stops include the routine static activities, outdoor activities connected with the community, travel inspection and more diversified elder activities.
3. Every Evergreen Active Stop has diversified differences, and generally, the elders of Evergreen Active Stops prefer those dynamic activities, and practical handcraft classes.

B. States of Evergreen Active Stops social workers scheming activities
1. Evergreen Active Stop social workers focus on activities design and activities leading when scheming activities, yet they scheme with lack of assessment before scheming and evaluation after the activities.
2. The affective factors to social workers' elder activities scheming include: divergence of service receivers, divergence of service coordinators, community resources, founds and location.
3. The difficulties which the Evergreen Active Stop social workers encounter so far are: lack of inspirations for organizing activities, lack of novelty for elder activities, limits of profession for scheming elder activities, great divergences of the services receivers, communication confrontation among the different Evergreen Active Stops, shocks brought by elders' passing away, being uneasy to connect with the local communities.
4. The needed courses based on Evergreen Active Stop social workers' own initiative: elder activities scheming skills, theme courses suitable for elders, professional knowledge as elder social workers, life-and-death education and communicational skills.

C. Transformative learning process of Evergreen Active Stop social workers' activities scheme
1. Failure experience, negative evaluation and communicational confrontation are factors which influence Evergreen Active Stop social workers to reflect their original viewpoints.
2. Social worker coworkers of Evergreen Active Stops, elders and service staffs of the Active Stops often affect the transition of old viewpoints and the build-up of new viewpoints.
3. Transformative learning process of Evergreen Active Stop social workers' elder activities scheming circulates continuously.
According to the above research conclusions, the researcher offers 4 dimensions of suggestions respectively on elder issue related schools, elder social welfare organizations, Evergreen Active Stop social workers, and the future potential related researches. As for cutting into the practical policies, the researcher suggests Evergreen Active Stops add up human resources who are with elder education related profession, or strengthen up the professional ability on social workers for elder educational activity schemes.

Key words: Evergreen Active Stops, social workers, elder activity scheme,
transformative learning, qualitative research

並列關鍵字

transformative learning, qualitative research ； elder activity scheme ； social workers ； Evergreen Active Stops ； qualitative research

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