由於工業的發達,燃燒煤炭、石油、天然氣等燃料,使能源消耗大增,釋放出大量有害氣體及溫室氣體,加上人口的增長和森林的砍伐,導致全球暖化(Global Warming),以致於近年來各地氣候變異頻傳。在驚覺到這類非自然災害所帶來的生態破壞、人類傷亡及經濟損失下,國際間也藉由聯合國氣候變化綱要公約及京都議定書等國際公約來約束全球的溫室氣體排放量。本研究以改善全球暖化問題的影響為出發點,以高濃度CO2後作為微藻類行光合作用所需之碳源,探討以微藻類固定CO2之可行性。 本研究以小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)在各種培養條件下行光合作用,依據生產量參數變化來做探討;將小球藻置於光生物反應器中以M4N培養基培養,評估生長因子對藻類生物量和CO2固定量的影響。6個參數分別如下:接種藻類初始濃度(329 mg/L、522 mg/L、648 mg/L及770 mg/L)、溫度(15、25、35℃),CO2濃度(5、10、15、20%),光照時間(12、24小時) 、pH值(5、6、7、8)和不同光源(日光燈、植物生長燈、LED紅光燈)。培養時間為15天,每天測量生長曲線(分光光度計,波長680nm)。 結果顯示,最佳生長條件分別為接種藻濃度522 mg/L、pH值7、以日光燈光照24小時、10% CO2及溫度35°C,此時藻類可達到最大的生物量4,659 mg/L與CO2固定量5,594 mgCO2/L。
Industrial development consume huge amount of coal, petroleum, natural gas and release massive amount of greenhouse gases. Couple with population growth and forests cutting, greenhouse gases cause global warming and many climate change induced disasters recently. After realized these not-natural disasters will origin large-scale ecosystem broken, human life threaten, and economy crash, The United Nations had drawn up The United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kypto Protocol to limit greenhouse gases emission. This study is also trying to do the effort on global warming issue. We like to find out the best growth condition for freshwater microalgae CO2 fixation in South Taiwan. Chlorella vulgari collected from pound in NPUST was selected as material. The M4N medium used to supply essential nutrients for microalgae growth. Six parameters were choose to exam microalgae growth rate which were: algae injecting concentration (329 mg/L、522 mg/L、648 mg/L and 770 mg/L); temperature (15, 25 and 35℃); CO2 concentration (5, 10, 15 and 20 %); light cycles (night/day) (12 and 24 hours); pH value (5, 6, 7 and 8); and light source (plant lamp, fluorescent tubes, and LED red lamp). The culture cycle was incubated in a growth chamber for 15 days. Spectrophotometer was used to measured growth curve at wavelength 680nm. In summary, the maximum biomass and CO2 fixation rate was at the condition that solution pH = 7.0, 24 hours lighting by fluorescent tubes, 10% CO2 injected, 35℃, and the initial Chlorella vulgaris concentration was 522mg / L. Under these conditions we could get 4,659 mg/L of microalgae biomass and 5,594 mgCO2/L of CO2 fixation.