利用冷光報導基因法評估教室灰塵中有機污染物之毒性效應及其健康風險

Evaluating toxic and health effects from the oganic compounds in the classroom dust by luciferase reportergene assays.

吳啟瑋(Chi-Wei Wu)

指導教授 ： 趙浩然

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00205

摘要

根據國內外研究指出室內灰塵中含許多內分泌干擾物質(Endocrine disrupter compounds, EDCs)之污染物，其中主要包含會對人體產生皮膚、免疫、神經與致癌毒性的類戴奧辛化合物，以及對人體產生內分泌干擾及生殖毒性的類雌激素化合物等。暴露於上述等污染物之中造成人體健康危害，尤其為孩童。除了家中，學校為孩童另一個長期停留之室內環境，因此，有必要瞭解學校教室中灰塵中的EDCs對於神經系統正在發展之孩童族群健康的影響。目前分析環境中的EDCs濃度之研究經常使用化學法，但其時效性與應用性皆不足以負荷大量樣本之分析，因此國際學者提出『先篩後檢』之概念，利用生物分析方法進行污染樣本篩檢，搭配化學分析方法精確定量，將可節省大量時間與金錢成本。故本研究將嘗試以本土化CALUX之Ad-DR bioassay及T47D-kbLuc assay兩種生物法分析一般教室及電腦教室灰塵中的總戴奧辛毒性當量(TEQ)以及總雌激素效應當量(EEQ)並評估其健康風險。分析結果一般教室的戴奧辛毒性當量為1.99~ 155 ng-ADL-BEQ /kg d.w.電腦教室則為1.88~ 106 ng-ADL-BEQ /kg d.w.。而雌激素方面一般教室雌激素當量為0.0389~ 9.10 ng -EEQ /kg d.w.電腦教室則為0.25~ 32.6 ng -EEQ /kg d.w.。而將上述濃度進行每日攝入量風險評估，結果顯示，一般教室及電腦教室中的戴奧辛與雌激素每日攝入量皆遠小於WHO之建議值1~4 pg I-TEQ/ kg / day，說明其風險應屬於安全之範疇。而致癌風險評估，則有4件次樣本之戴奧辛致癌風險略高於美國環保署之建議值10-6。本研究結果顯示生物法檢測灰塵樣本具可行性，然而此數據進行樣本中的總戴奧辛健康風險評估將可能導致高估之現象，若需利用生物法進行人體健康風險評估，仍須一校正參數，方能可使其結果更具參考價值。

關鍵字

Ad-DR bioassay ； T47D-kbLuc bioassay ； 內分泌干擾物質 ； 灰塵

並列摘要

Several studies indicated that indoor dust is composed of environmental contaminants including heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, polybrominateddiphenyl ethers, gram-negative bacteria, allergen, phthalates, dioxin-like compounds, and other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Many adverse health effects from EDCs had been reported such as neurotoxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, primarily in children. The classroom, especially in an elementary school, is one major environment for the young children, and their long-term stay results to their main non-dietary exposure to indoor dust comprising persistent organic pollutants. Therefore, establishing background levels of EDCs in elementary classrooms and evaluating the risks to a child’s health are necessary. In the present study, we used two bioassays: the Ad-DR bioassay and the T47D-kbLuc assay, to determine toxic equivalency (TEQ) and estradiol-equivalents (EEQ) in elementary classroom dusts including normal classrooms (NR) and computer classrooms (CR), and evaluated their health risks. Our results observed that concentration of TEQ in NR and CR dusts were 1.99~155 and 1.88~106 ng-ADL-BEQ /kg d.w. respectively. Estrogenic activity in CR ranged 0.25~ 32.6 ng -EEQ /kg d.w higher than in NR (0.0389~ 9.10 ng -EEQ/kg d.w.). The acceptable daily intake (ADI) in this study was significantly lower than ADI ingestion published by World Health Organization; however, the cancer risk hazard quotient (HQ) of dioxins in four samples was higher than the suggestion value of US EPA (10-6). In conclusion, Ad-DR bioassay and T47D-kbLuc assay are feasible tools in determining TEQ and EEQ concentration in dusts. However, the use of this bioassay in the evaluation of health risks posed by dioxin contamination may result to overestimation of values, thus, this study focuses on the revision of correction parameters needed to improve this bioassay method.

並列關鍵字

Ad-DR bioassay ； T47D-kbLuc bioassay ； EDCs ； dust

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