本研究主要應用層級分析法 (Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP) 理論,藉由美國永續發展委員會(U.S. President’s Council on Sustainable Development)所建構的永續發展指標系統的主要面向及長期環境稟賦項目,彙整成本研究之層級架構,並以此編製AHP相對權重調查問卷,進行專家學者、政府機關、一舨民眾、環保團體等人員對探討美國永續發展指標之權重評估,在回收問卷後,透過一致性檢定篩檢出有效問卷,以控制結果的可信度,藉由層級分析法之成對比較過程,獲得準則間的相對重要性權重值,建立權重體系,經整理歸納分析後找出最重要的共同觀點,而獲得本研究結果,提供有效訊息給相關單位參考。在評估要素層,整體專家認為最重要的要素依序為:「環境」、「經濟」及「社會」。在「環境」下要素準則層,整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為:「生物體污染物」、「溫室效應的氣候反應指數」、「地面水品質」、「臭氧層狀態」、「核能燃料使用量」及「主要生態陸地面積」。在「社會」下要素準則層,整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為:「總人口數」、「教師訓練程度與適用資格」及「單親家庭比例」。在「經濟」下要素準則層,整體專家認為最重要的準則依序為:「資本財」、「勞動生產力」及「公債發行額佔GDP的比率」。整體有效問卷認為最優先重視的前5項準則依序為「資本財」、「生物體污染物」、「勞動生產力」、「溫室效應的氣候反應指數」及「地面水品質」。
This study summarized a research hierarchy based on the domains and long-term environmental factors by the indicators for sustainable developments constructed by the U.S. President’s Council on Sustainable Development. It further applied Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish relative weights of individual assessment factors and criteria for a questionnaire issued to experts, scholars, government agencies, environmental groups, and the general public. It screened effective questionnaires via consistency tests, in order to control result reliability. A paired comparison, as a part of AHP procedures, was conducted to determine the relative weights of different criteria and establish a weighting system. It is hoped that the results can serve as useful information to government bodies. According to experts, the assessment factors, in terms of importance, are “environments”, “economies” and “societies”. Under the factor “environments”, the most important criteria are “organism contaminations”, “climate reaction indicators to greenhouse effects”, “underground water quality”, “ozone layer status”, “nuclear power usage” and “land area of major ecosystems. Under the factor “societies”, the most important criteria are “total population”, “training and qualifications of teachers” and “percentage of single-parent families”. Under the factor “economies”, the most important criteria are “capital goods”, “labor productivity” and “issued government debts as a percentage of GDP”. According to all the effective questionnaires, the top five most emphasized criteria are “capital goods”, “organism contaminations”, “labor productivity”, “climate reaction indicators to greenhouse effects” and “surface water quality”.