弱勢高學業成就兒童之家庭互動對兒童學習情形影響之研究：從兒童的觀點

The study of influence of family interaction on disadvantaged family children with outstanding academic achievement: From children’s perspective

呂綺芬(Chi-Fen Lu)

指導教授 ： 羅幼瓊

亞洲大學/人文社會學院/社會工作學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主要目的為以兒童的觀點去探討家長期望、家長教養方式、家長參與對弱勢家庭高學業成就兒童之學習的影響。採用質性研究方法，透過半結構式訪談以及觀察蒐集資料，從這些兒童的角度去探究弱勢家庭如何培養出高學業成就兒童。從六位弱勢高學業成就兒童的訪談，得到以下的研究結果：
一、家長期望：家長們對其子女的學業，有高度的期望，且訂定成績標準，要求子女達到。
二、家長教養方式：有兩個家庭屬於「民主」，家長會因勢利導。有三個家庭是屬於「民主專制」的，表面上看似民主，但在家長們的教養態度或語句裡隱藏著對孩子的嚴格要求。有一個家庭是「專制」的，嚴格的管制孩子們的課業及生活。綜合這六個家庭的教養方式會發現，家長對其子女的學習狀況以及能力有一定程度的關切；會規範孩子們的學習和玩樂的時間；支持、尊重子女的想法；對於孩子的學習成果，給予讚美或獎勵；家中再辛苦也願意栽培孩子。
三、家長參與：每個家庭的家長皆會利用時間，在能力範圍內參與及協助子女的學習。

關鍵字

弱勢家庭 ； 學習成就 ； 家長期望 ； 家長教養方式 ； 家長參與

並列摘要

This study aimed at exploring the influence of parental expectation, parental rearing patterns and parental involvement to disadvantaged families’ children who were academically outstanding.
The research method was based on qualitative research, using semi-structured interview and observation to collect data. From these children’s perspective, the researcher investigated how disadvantaged families brought up academic outstanding children. The findings were as following:
1. Parental expectation
All parents from these six families had high academic achievement expectations on their children, and set goals for them to achieve.
2. Parental rearing patterns
Two out of six families were “Democratic”. Parents in such rearing pattern were good at giving systematic guidance. Three families were classified as “Authoritative”. Parents in this category acted democratically on the surface，but their attitude and wording shown a strict demand for children. One of the families was considered as “Authoritarian”. This type of parents strictly controlled children’s schoolwork and life.
Integrating parental rearing patterns of these six families, it found out all parents care their children’s study condition and their ability. They would supervise studying and playing time for children but also support and respect children’s thoughts. They praised and rewarded children for academic outcomes. No matter how tough the life was, all parents were willing to educate their children for better future.
3. Parental involvement
The parents in each family would use their limited time and abilities to involve children’s studying.

並列關鍵字

disadvantaged family ； academic achievements ； parental expectation ； parental rearing patterns ； parental involvement

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