青少年逃學逃家行為的社會心理因素分析

The Social-Psychology Factors of Runaway Youth

周震歐(Chen-Ou Chow) ； 趙碧華(Pi-Hua Chao)

《犯罪學期刊》 2期 (1996/12) Pp. 79-98

https://doi.org/10.29607/ZHWHGX.199612.0004

摘要

少年的逃學、逃家行為是造成眾多行為問題的前兆，甚至於因為逃學、逃家，會導致了更嚴重的少年偏差行為與犯罪行為。研究者以社會心理學理論探究台灣地區少年逃學、逃家原因。研究結果發現：1.消除逃學逃家少年的外在拉力，應避免逃學逃家少年其受「不良朋友的影響」、「不良家庭關係影響」、「接觸不良大眾傳播訊息」與「接觸偏差行為團體」，「外在環境中不良拉力方面的影響」等。2.加強逃學逃家少年的外在抑制力，其中如「合理的規範及期待」、「制度的增強力量」、「有效的訓誡」、「合理的行動規則」等方面的外在抑制力。3.增強逃學逃家少年內在抑制力方面的能量，如為「良好的導向」、「降低緊張理由化能力」、「強化責化感」、「自找控制」、「規範的保持」、「挫折容忍力」、「良好的自我概念」、整體的內在抑制力的培養。4.降低逃學逃家少年的內在推力，如減少「恐懼不平狀況」及「攻擊反抗心理」。

並列摘要

This study is to examine the differences on the pull and push factors between normal and runaway youths. Samples were derived from a purposive sampling procedure. The findings are: (1) the runaway youth had become acquainted with their associates through 2 or 3 friends; and (2) comparing normal and runaway youths, the most normal youth reported having high inner containment and external containment, low inner pushes, as well as outer pulls; and (3) for those who runaway reported having low inner containment and external containment, high inner pushes, as well as outer pulls. It is recommended that the design and facilities of the youth services focus on the appeals of the pull and push factors among the juveniles.