同志文化開放性與同志身份認同的關聯性初探：以台灣和中國大陸男同志為範例

Correlations Between Societal Openness to LGBT Culture and Gay Identity: A Comparison of Taiwan and Mainland China

林啟鈞(Chi-Chun Lin)

《應用心理研究》 67期 (2017/12) Pp. 55-79

https://doi.org/10.3966/156092512017120067003

摘要

同志文化開放性，是指一個地域的傳統異性戀文化是否有足夠的包容度，讓同志議題浮上檯面。男同志身份認同，是指男同志在「自我認同」層面及「社會認同」層面，是否接受自己的性傾向並滿足于目前的同志生活。本研究要檢驗男同志的身份認同是否與所處地域的同志文化開放性相關。本研究使用Mahr與Fassinger（2006）的性傾向認同量表中文版（林啟鈞，2013），蒐集了346份台灣男同志以及253位中國大陸男同志的有效問卷。初步的研究結果證實了，台灣相對於中國大陸有較高的同志文化開放性。第二步研究結果表明，處在文化開放性較高地域的男同志，也具有較高的「社會認同」層面的自我認同。本研究的缺陷在於，無法證實男同志的「自我認同」因素是否受到同志文化開放性的影響。本研究在政策上，鼓勵政府推動婚姻平權以及性別教育，也鼓勵家庭、學校和工作場所接受多元的同志訊息，以提升個體對男同志身份的認同。

關鍵字

同志文化開放性 ； 同志身份認同 ； 男同志 ； 兩岸研究

並列摘要

Societal openness to LGBT culture is defined as whether and to what extent a traditionally heterosexual society is accepting/inclusive enough to allow LGBT issues to rise to the forefront of social discourse. Gay identity is defined as the degree of acceptance one has regarding his self-identification and social-identification as a homosexual individual. The present research aimed to examine the correlations between societal openness to LGBT culture and gay identity in a quantitative research using a Chinese version of Mohr and Fassinger's Lesbian and Gay Identity Scale (LGIS). The participants were 346 gay men from Taiwan and 253 gay men from Mainland China. Results show that 1) societal openness to LGBT culture is higher in Taiwan than in Mainland China; 2) societal openness to LGBT culture is positively correlated with to social-identification of gay identity. In terms of social policy and clinical practice, this study suggests that promoting equal marriage rights and LGBT-inclusive sex education in addition to advocating LGBT-inclusivity is beneficial to gay identity.

並列關鍵字

societal openness to LGBT culture ； gay identity ； gay men ； cross-strait research ； homosexuality ； LGBT

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