柔道場上的禮法與暴力界線之探索

柔道是具有勝負、體育、修心三者兼具的運動項目，但由於柔道場上相互制衡的本質，加上近年來時有負面新聞，社會大眾對於柔道這一類的技擊類運動是存在刻板印象。基於此，本研究主要目的在藉由質性訪談的研究方式，透過教練、裁判及體育老師的觀點來探索柔道場上禮法與暴力之界線。正式訪談前，預先訪談20位未接觸過柔道專業訓練的對象，歸納出對柔道的疑惑與刻板印象，據以擬定正式訪談之訪談大綱。正式訪談採用半結構方式進行資料蒐集，共訪談四位具有長期柔道訓練和指導經驗的教練和裁判，訪談內容以內容分析法進行分析。研究結果歸納出15個初階主題，並進一步歸納出7個次階主題及2個最高階主題，分別為：「柔道的禮法」、「柔道場上的攻擊行為」。本研究期望能提供關於柔道禮法與暴力的更多訊息，揭開柔道運動的神秘面紗。

關鍵字

柔術；技擊類運動；運動道德；運動倫理

並列摘要

Judo sports contain spirits such as victory and defeat, physical education, and cultivating one's heart. However, given the combating nature of Judo and the negative news in recent years, most people have negative stereotype impressions of combating sports like Judo. By using qualitative interviews, the purposes of this study were to explore the boundary between etiquette and violence through the perspectives of Judo coaches, referees, and teachers. In order to draw up the interview outlines, 20 objects who had no Judo training experiences were interviewed first. By collecting their point of view, the hesitation and stereotype about Judo were induced and used as interview outlines. In the formal data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted and content analysis was used to analyze the data. The research objects included two Judo coaches, one referee, and one physical education teacher. With their aspects based on their different positions, concepts such as etiquette, attacks, and violence in Judo were discussed to reflect the meanings and purposes of this sport. The research findings were induced into 14lower-order themes, 7 secondary themes, and two higher-order themes, which are (1) the etiquette of Judo, and (2) violent behaviors in Judo. The present study provides more information about the boundary between etiquette and violence and the findings could be a reference to eliminate people's stereotypes and questions about Judo and to understand Judo deeply.

並列關鍵字

jujitsu ； combat sports ； sports moral ； sports ethics

參考文獻

張淑卿 (2002)。體育運動中道德之發展，中華體育季刊，16 (2)，87-93。

黃武雄 (1988)。柔道與道。中華體育季刊，6，49-52。

鄭麗霞、陳秀花、黃彩玉 (2011)。柔道禮儀內涵與相關理哲之探討。台南科技大學通識教育學刊，10，171-184。

Weber, R. P. (1989). Basic Content Analysis. Sage Publications.

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