中國大陸地區大專院校體育特長生培養學訓矛盾研究－以長春市為例

Contradiction research on the training and studying of special sports students in universities in mainland China: a case study of Changchun city

譚亮(Liang Tan) ； 黃永寬(Yung-Kuan Huang)

《運動知識學報》 17期 (2020/07) Pp. 74-84

摘要

本研究旨在探討中國大陸地區體育特長生在培養過程中圍繞學習與訓練所存在的多項矛盾，進而挖掘學訓矛盾之成因，並提出解決建議。本研究採用問卷調查法、專家訪談法和文獻資料法，以吉林省長春市7所普通大專院校共計350人的體育特長生為研究對象，總共發放350份問卷，回收有效問卷306份，有效回收率為87.43%。根據研究結果總結得出以下結論：1）體育特長生入學前遺留的學訓矛盾長期積壓，導致入學後運動成績的優越感衰退較快，並出現「厭學」或「厭訓」現象。2）運動成績受到訓練頻率下降、參賽頻次減少、運動員體能下滑等因素不同程度的影響；3）自我認同感減弱、學習積極性不足是引起運動員喪失信心、消極倦怠的突出心理因素，對運動員的學習狀態產生較強的負面效應；4）體育特長生的文化課和社會關係是其求職劣勢，加之繼續深造困難與運動成績下滑的雙重打擊，在其畢業時多為「就低」擇業。

關鍵字

體育特長生 ； 人才培養 ； 學業與訓練 ； 身心狀態

並列摘要

The special recruitment system for college and university sports students in mainland China has formed a special student group, and most of the sports students are difficult to take into account both studiousness and training. In this paper, questionnaire survey method, expert interview method and literature research method are adopted to issue questionnaires and analyze the special sports students from 7 colleges and universities in Changchun. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, and 306 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 87.43%. The conclusions are as follows: 1) Left before school Sports Students Learning and Training contradictory long-term backlog, leading to a sense of superiority athletic performance after enrollment decline rapidly, and the emergence of ＂weariness＂ or ＂tired of training＂ phenomenon. 2) athletic performance is affected training frequency decreases, reducing the frequency of the competition, the athletes physical factors such as varying degrees of decline. 3) Weak self-identity and insufficient learning motivation are prominent psychological factors that cause athletes to lose confidence and negative burnout, and have a strong negative effect on the athletes' learning status. 4) The cultural courses and social relations of sports specialty students are their disadvantages in job search. Coupled with the double blow of continuing study difficulties and the decline of sports performance, most of them choose to ＂get low＂ when they graduate.

並列關鍵字

sports specialty ； talent development ； Education and training ； Physical and mental stat