大鵬灣BOT案開發現況及履約問題之探討

A Study of Development and Compliance Issues of Dapeng Bay BOT Project

王明元(Ming-Yuan Wang) ； 吳瑞益(Rui-Yi Wu)

《商業現代化學刊》 8卷3期 (2017/08) Pp. 111-127

https://doi.org/10.6132/JCM.2017.8.4.06

摘要

早期政府為活化大面積國有土地，主要以招標設定地上權方式釋出土地使用權，引進民間資金開發利用。自2002年以後逐漸運用民間參與方式，以BOT模式引入民間資金，借重民間擁有充沛的資金來源、組織、能力、技術及管理觀念，以協力夥伴關係，共同提升公共服務水準。然而實施以來，從開發地點不當、開發量體過大致破壞生態環境、規劃過程草率未納入當地住民意見、甄審過程不公、圖利特定財團、政府監管不當致消費者權益受損等爭議，輿論對BOT的質疑以及不符社會觀感等衝突性社會議題一再產生，對目前已簽約BOT案件之履行存在一定程度之影響，故就履約中之BOT案，其履約爭議處理運作模式之建立相顯重要。本研究對象「民間參與大鵬灣國家風景區建設(BOT)案」於2004年11月契約簽訂至今已逾10年，於契約履行期間，在雙方對各項開發問題爭議不斷之情形下，第一期開發且能如期於2014年10月進入營運，藉由本文探討該BOT案之開發現況、履約爭議處理機制及協調運作模式，與現行政府促參案件之履約爭議處理相關規定，相互比較探討發現，該BOT案雖簽約時期較早，然已將雙方對契約所載事項、契約履行及未盡事宜、爭議事項及是否提付仲裁等事宜，可經由協調委員會協商解決之機制及規定納入契約規範內容，而截至目前該BOT案雙方之爭議事項，皆可由協調委員會之召開獲得協商解決，足見該爭議協調機制之運作成效良好，可供其他民間參與公共建設案件參考，惟再細究其協調委員會之組成為雙方相同比例人數擔任委員，再共推1位公正人士擔任主任委員之組成方式，於專業能力層面似有不足，BOT案一旦發生履約爭議，所牽涉層面除了契約規定，尚涉及法律、財務、工程及其他專業知識之認定，故本研究建議該BOT案之協調委員會應適時邀聘相關專業領域人員擔任委員，俾讓委員會在獲得更廣泛及完整之分析資訊情形下，做成更客觀、公正及有利於雙方之協調決議。

關鍵字

大鵬灣國家風景區 ； BOT ； 履約爭議

並列摘要

In the early period, the government wanted to better utilise its massive amount of land, primarily used a bidding model to release land use rights, in order to attract funding from the private sector for development. Since 2002, the government has gradually shifted to a model with more participation from citizens, using a BOT model to attract funding, utilizing the substantial resources, corporations, skills and managerial insights, through collaboration, to improve the standard of public services. Ever since BOT model has been implemented, from inappropriate development site, over-development causing negative environmental impact, development processes that failed to involve the participation and opinion of local residents, unfair accreditation proceeding, profiting specific financial groups, issues arising from improper management and oversight from the government leading to the damage of consumer’s rights and interests, and disputes to do with whether the BOT model aligns with the social values and perception continues to come up. This influences the current BOT projects significantly, and the ability to deal with these issues is equally as important.The target of this investigation is on the ＂Civilion participation with Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area Administration BOT Project＂, signed on Novermber 2004, more than 10 years ago. During the contracted period, both parties actively debated on numerous issues, the first development period was successfully launched on October 2014, this investigation seeks to investigate the state of development of this BOT project, the way in which arguments were managed and resolved, and the current government's relevant laws and policies. Through a comparitive investigation, it was discovered that the said BOT project was signed too early, but the issues were resolved through the facilitation of the coordination committee. It was observed that this method of conflict resolution rendered very good results. But a further detailed investigation into the the structure of these committees showed that some technical dimensions were lacking. Whenever an issue arises with a BOT project, it often involves not only the signed contractual agreements, but also the touches on law, fincancial, engineering and other technical aspects. This investigation thus recommends that BOT projects' coordination committee should invite people with the relevent technically skillset to sit on board, in order to for them to use the much wider and more complete set of information and overview to make a more objective and fair judgement that benefits both parties involved.

並列關鍵字

Dapeng Bay National Scenic Area Administration ； BOT ； compliance dispute