人格特質與休閒參與活動之相關研究－以救護人員為例

醫療救護工作繁雜且壓力巨大，使得救護人員常在工作中出現負面情緒，並影響工作表現和生活品質。為了減輕救護工作者的生活壓力，改善生活品質，過去研究皆建議多參與休閒活動以提昇身心健康。但顯少有針對救護人員的不同人格特質族群在休閒活動做相關研究。本研究旨在比較與分析不同救護人員的人格特質類型族群在休閒活動參與之差異。問卷分為：基本資料、五大人格量表與休閒參與量表。採用SPSS 18.0版套裝軟體，以描述性統計、集群分析、多變量變異數分析、薛費法事後檢定等方法進行統計。將人格區分四種族群：親和高分組、整體高分組、整體低分組、無特殊考量組，發現各族群在部分的休閒參與活動類型上有顯著差異。大致而言，整體高分組，在休閒活動大眾媒體型、社交與休憩型、運動型及戶外型參與都優於他組。相反地，整體低分組於大眾媒體型、社交與休憩型、運動型及戶外型休閒活動的參與表現為最低。各族群在技藝表演型及嗜好型的休閒活動上無差別。本研究結果可協助了解不同人格特質的救護工作者，其低度參與休閒活動之原因。建議資方於未來設計適合的活動，以帶動工作表現增進自我肯定，使救護人員可適時釋放壓力並達到身心靈的平衡。

關鍵字

救護人員；集群分析；人格特質；休閒參與

並列摘要

The working environment of medical rescue is complicated and stressful, leading to negative emotions, poor performance, and low quality of life. In order to reduce stress of ambulance workers, prior studies suggested that leisure activities participation help improve health. However, few studies focused on the impacts of personality traits of firefighters and nursing staff on leisure activities participation. This study aims at investigating the difference of leisure activities participation of ambulance workers by personality traits. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 254 valid responses were collected. The questionnaire is consisted of three parts: five personality scales, leisure participation scale and demographics. This study conducted descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance by using SPSS18.0. The results show that personality traits could predict four kinds of leisure activities, including mass media type, social and rest type, sport type and outdoor type. It is hoped that this research can help understand the relationship between types leisure activities and personality traits. Suitable activities should be designed to increase participation. Therefore, ambulance workers' job performance and self-affirmation could be enhanced, leading to balanced life.