長期照顧是一種勞務密集的產業,照顧的住民人數眾多,又要面對不同住民及家屬的需求,沈重的工作量會導致工作壓力,因此,社工員之心理健康極需重視。而自我效能是與外在環境、個人能力、成就表現等交互作用而產生的結果,所以自我效能有助於個人在面臨困境和挫折時,提升工作的情緒和績效。若能根本性瞭解社工員內在心理層面,深入體會其在面對工作、人際相處、專業技能困難時的情況,將有助於長照機構對社工員工作職務與內容的規劃與調整。本研究以郵寄問卷調查方法,以全台「老人長期照護、養護及安養機構工作人員數」為母體清冊,普查長期照顧機構之專職社工員,共計回收215份,藉此探究長期照顧機構社工員自我效能與工作壓力的相關性。研究結果顯示,長期照顧機構社工員自我效能與工作壓力兩者具有顯著負相關,自我效能感知越佳,工作壓力越小。因此,機構在社工員晉用、培訓與發展、激勵以及維持等人力資源管理活動中,應發展一套完整的自我效能社工員之培力計畫。當社工員有較佳的自我效能知覺時,在長期照護工作上擁有完成目標、解決問題與處理環境的能力,對住民與服務品質有所助益。
Along with an aging society, the service demand of long-term care for the elder is increasing enormously. In the long-term care facilities, the job stress had always been high among the employees. However, self-efficacy is a concept that could effectually change one's attitude at work and awareness of one's changes. Based on the concept, this research examine the relationship between perception of job stress and self-efficacy among social workers in the long-term facilities. This research adopted mailing survey method to collect data, and presented the finding by using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings indicated thatsocial workers' self-efficacy had negative effect on their job stress. According to the result, the long-term care facilities could develop stress prevention programs to create a healthy workplace, and promote self-efficacy factors related to their employment. The results could also help with policy making and agency management in the long care area.