鋼筋混凝土牆剪力破壞之實驗研究

Experimental Study on Reinforced Concrete Wall Subjected to Shear Failure

林芳宇(Fang-Yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃世建

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202101480

摘要

台灣位處環太平洋地震帶，地震發生頻繁，在地狹人稠的環境下，集合住宅型態之建築甚多。而住宅為求私密性與使用性，常在內部增設隔戶牆、梯間牆、開孔牆等剪力牆構件，由於這些構件具高側向勁度與強度，對於結構基本特性之影響不容忽視，故欲合理且有效地掌握鋼筋混凝土剪力牆之耐震能力，了解其行為實為重要之工作。

本研究主要以實驗為主軸，共設計四座剪力牆試體，測試參數包含作用軸壓比與開孔有無，並於國家地震工程研究中心進行雙曲率布置之反覆側推試驗。本文將透過實驗外部量測儀器之分析結果，探討試體受力後之變形情況，並驗證軟化壓拉桿模型之合理性與可靠性，亦建議以此分析模型進行剪力強度之預測，與實驗值之比較結果顯示其預測精度較高，其可解決ACI 318-19與AIJ (2018)規範建議公式中考慮參數不足之問題。最後，根據現有之損害評估方法，針對試體強度與裂縫發展進行性能評估。

關鍵字

鋼筋混凝土 ； 剪力牆 ； 開孔牆 ； 剪力破壞 ； 側力位移曲線 ； 軟化壓拉桿模型 ； 性能評估

並列摘要

Located in Circum-Pacific Seismic Belt, Taiwan has experienced countless earthquakes. Due to the limited land with high density of population, there is plenty of congregate housing built with reinforced concrete in Taiwan. Huge amounts of shear wall elements, including partition walls, stair walls, walls with the openings, were used in residential buildings to fulfill the demands of serviceability and privacy. Since these walls are provided with high lateral stiffness and strength, their influences on basic characteristics of the structures are noticeable. Therefore, in order to reasonably and effectively evaluate the seismic resistance of RC walls, understanding their behavior is necessary.

This study tested four reinforced concrete squat shear walls in National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, and the varied parameters includes axial load ratio and square opening. All of the specimens are subjected to cyclic displacement reversals with a double curvature bending setup. The purpose of this study was to investigate the deformation field of specimens for the verification of softened strut-and-tie model through the optical measurement. Besides experimental observation, the comparison between measured strength and predicted values of various models indicates that the softened strut-and-tie model correlates well with test results. Finally, performance evaluation on specimens was carried out based on the criteria provided by AIJ 2004.

並列關鍵字

reinforced concrete ； shear wall ； wall with opening ； shear failure ； lateral load displacement curve ； softened strut-and-tie model ； performance evaluation

參考文獻

[1] 邱聰智，「低矮型鋼筋混凝土住宅結構耐震快速評估法之開發與驗證」，博士論文，國立台灣大學，土木工程學系，台北，2015，177頁。

[2] Weng, P. W., Li, Y. A., Tu, Y. S. and Hwang, S. J. (2017). “Prediction of the Lateral Load-Displacement Curves for Reinforced Concrete Squat Walls Failing in Shear.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 143(10), 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X. 0001872.

[3] Hwang, S. J., and Lee, H. J. (2002). “Strength Prediction for Discontinuity Regions by Softened Strut-and-Tie Model.” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 128(12), 1519-1526 pp.

[4] ASCE (2017). “Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings (41-17).” American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE/SEI 41-17, Reston, VA., 576 pp.

[5] 曹君婕，「鋼筋混凝土剪力牆破壞與倒塌行為研究」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學，土木工程學系，台北，2018，249頁。