專業知識與軟技能對不動產經紀人工作滿意度關係之研究

近幾年，台灣的房地產業蓬勃發展，越來越多人開始討論房地產業的相關議題，在現代社會環境中，不動產業與人們的生活息息相關，一般民眾大多缺乏不動產業的知識及交易資訊，加上房地產的交易金額相當可觀，以至於不動產經紀人的角色在不動產交易流程當中佔有不可忽略的一席之地。不動產業具有眾多同業店家，以導致其競爭相當激烈，為了在其市場佔有一席之地，組織需加強其不動產經紀人之專業知識與軟技能。除了聘請優良人才以外，企業應管理員工個人績效，以提升公司整體之業績。其中，工作滿意度為最普遍之自我評鑑方法。工作滿意度亦是一種指標，可讓組織了解其內部政策及計畫缺失所導致的員工問題，進而改善組織狀況。不動產業是由人力與其專業知識所組成的產業，交易流程涉及法令、稅務、行銷等廣泛領域。換句話說，不動產經紀人需熟知且運用得當其所知之專業知識，以提升經紀人之工作效率，並且使經紀人本身滿意其工作成果。因此，本研究欲探討不動產經紀人之專業知識、軟技能與工作滿意度之間的關係，透過網路問卷調查搜集台北某不動產經紀人之相關資訊，包含15項專業知識、17項軟技能、25道工作滿意度題目，其中工作滿意度分為工作本身、薪資、升遷、上級長官、工作同事5個構面，每個構面各有5道題目，而後以SPSS進行統計分析。經立意取樣的151位研究對象，樣本組成分配為男性多於女性，年齡為40歲（含）以上、年資為5年以上、工作區域為新北市的受試者較多。根據研究結果得知專業知識較軟技能更能影響工作滿意度；性別對專業知識有顯著差異；性別、年資、年齡對軟技能有顯著差異；年資對工作滿意度有顯著差異。本研究給予未來研究者之建議為房地產組織應該更加注重不動產經紀人專業知識之教育訓練，另外，性別與年資在專業知識、軟技能、工作滿意度當中扮演重要角色，因此招募人員應該提供對性別更加友善之招募條件，減少員工男女比例不一的現象；公司應針對不同年資的經紀人給予不同的獎勵機制。

關鍵字

房地產；不動產經紀人；專業知識；軟技能；工作滿意度；書目分析

並列摘要

In recent years, the real estate industry in Taiwan has been prosperous, and more and more people have begun to discuss issues related to the real estate industry because the real estate industry is closely related to people’s lives. However, the general public lacks knowledge and information about real estate. The role of real estate agents occupies a place that cannot be ignored in the real estate transaction process. Since the real estate industry is highly competitive, organizations need to strengthen the real estate agents’ professional knowledge and soft skills. In addition to recruiting excellent talents, companies should manage the employees’ performance. Job satisfaction is the most common self-assessment method, and it is also an indicator that can improve organizational performance. Real estate is an industry composed of human resources and professional knowledge. The transaction process involves a wide range of fields. In other words, real estate agents need to be familiar with and properly apply the professional knowledge they know to improve work efficiency and make themselves satisfied with their job. Therefore, this study intends to explore the relationship between professional knowledge, soft skills, and job satisfaction of real estate agents. An online questionnaire survey was distributed. After data was collected, SPSS was used for statistical analysis. One hundred and fifty-one real estate agents were selected as purposive samples for this study. Based on the research results, professional knowledge can affect job satisfaction more than soft skills; gender can affect professional knowledge and soft skills; age can affect soft skills; organizational tenure can affect soft skills and job satisfaction. Suggestions for future researchers from this study include real estate organizations should pay more attention to the education and training of real estate agents’ professional knowledge. In addition, gender and organizational tenure play important roles in professional knowledge, soft skills, and job satisfaction. Therefore, recruiters should provide more gender-friendly conditions to reduce the uneven gender ratio. Also, the company should provide different incentive mechanisms for agents with different organizational tenure.