工作自主性對工作－家庭衝突之影響

近年來由於科技發展、生活品質提高、教育普及，因此相較於過往的職場，現代職場的已婚員工家庭大多是雙薪生活模式，必須共同承擔家事，囿如兒女養育之責依然。然而資訊科技的進步，以致上下班分界線日趨模糊，縱然單身者，也因工作生活與家庭生活無法完全區隔，猶若以往研究即指出工作與家庭看似兩個不同的領域，然而不論是工作對家庭亦或是家庭對工作，卻是互為影響的密切關係，因而如何在工作與家庭取得平衡是現代人生活的重要課題。根據過去學者們的研究，在工作時間能控制的前提下，工作自主性能顯著減緩工作與家庭間的衝突；此外，在相同的工作壓力下，工作自主性對員工實現工作家庭平衡也有積極的影響。因此，本研究將探討工作者的工作自主性，瞭解工作自主性對工作－家庭衝突產生的影響，希望藉由本研究幫助工作者掌握工作自主性的精隨，以調節工作與家庭間之平衡。由於具備工作自主性之工作者普遍存在於各個產業之中，因此本研究並不侷限於特定產業，而將研究對象界定為各產業之中的全職工作者，採用量化之網路電子問卷方式，輔以滾雪球抽樣問卷調查法，由研究者對合適資格人員取得同意，於網路上完成調查後，再由該受調者透過人際關係相互引介進行取樣。問卷收集期間為 109 年 3 月至 5 月，共計 795 次填答，扣除填答中斷未完成以及題項未全數完成等無效問卷，回收有效樣本數為 420 份，有效回收率為 52.8%。依有效問卷中之資料，經由信度檢定、敘述統計、差異分析、相關性分析及階層迴歸分析進行驗證探討，得出的研究結果如下： 1.工作自主性對工作家庭衝突(WFC)具有顯著的負向影響。 2.工作自主性對家庭工作衝突(FWC)具有顯著的正向影響。

關鍵字

工作自主性；工作－家庭衝突；工作家庭衝突；家庭工作衝突

並列摘要

In recent years, due to the development of science and technology, the improvement of quality of life and the popularization of education, compared with the past workplace, the modern workplace married workers' families are mostly double-payed living model, must share the responsibility of family affairs, such as the responsibility of raising children is still. However, with the advancement of information technology, the dividing line between work and get off work is becoming blurred. Even if you are single, work life and family life cannot be completely separated. As if previous studies have pointed out that work and family seem to be two different fields. Work to family or family to work is a close relationship that affects each other. Therefore, how to achieve a balance between work and family is an important issue in modern life. According to past research by scholars, work autonomy significantly slows the conflict between work and family under the condition that working hours can be controlled, and work autonomy has a positive effect on employees' work-family balance under the same work pressure. Therefore, this study will explore the work autonomy of workers and understand the impact of work autonomy on work-family conflicts. It is hoped that this research will help workers master the essence of work autonomy, in order to adjust the balance between work and family. Because workers with work autonomy are prevalent in various industries, so this study is not limited to specific industries, but the research object is defined as full-time workers in various industries, using quantitative online electronic questionnaire. Supplemented by snowball sampling questionnaire survey method, the researcher obtains the consent of the qualified personnel, and after completing the survey on the Internet, the interviewee will conduct the sampling through mutual introduction through interpersonal relationships. The collection period of the questionnaire was from March to May 2020, with a total of 795 answers, and the number of valid samples collected was 420, with an effective recovery rate of 52.8%. Based on the information in the valid questionnaire, through reliability testing, narrative statistics, difference analysis, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis, the results are as follows: 1. Work autonomy has a significant negative impact on work family conflict (WFC). 2. Work autonomy has a significant positive impact on family work conflict (FWC).