育齡婦女髮甲基汞濃度與魚類攝取之關係及風險評估

Risk assessment and correlation between hair methylmercury levels and fish consumption for women of childbearing age

許又文(You-Wen Hsu)

指導教授 ： 張添晉

共同指導教授 ： 簡伶朱(Ling-Chu Chien)

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究主要目的為分析育齡婦女之頭髮甲基汞濃度及臺灣市售魚體之甲基汞濃度，以評估育齡婦女每日由魚體暴露甲基汞之風險。本研究於2007年至2009年分別收集懷孕及不孕婦女之頭髮樣本，其中有七成的婦女頭髮甲基汞超出美國環保署之建議值1 mg kg-1，而不孕婦女幾何平均濃度為1.82±0.14 mg kg-1，懷孕婦女為1.23±0.18 mg kg-1，不孕組顯著高於懷孕組。本研究於2014年採集魚體樣本，濃度範圍為0.001-0.54 mg kg-1。每日甲基汞暴露量中有八成以上的婦女超出美國環保署之建議值0.1 μg kg BW-1 d-1，不孕組的平均顯著高於懷孕組，平均值分別為0.51±0.49及0.34±0.34 μg kg BW-1 d-1。本研究於頭髮甲基汞濃度及每日甲基汞暴露量中皆發現，兩者與懷孕情形間呈顯著正相關，且頭髮甲基汞濃度也與每日甲基汞暴露量呈顯著正相關。由此結果顯示，人體內之汞以及攝入之汞皆可能造成婦女不孕之因子，而當汞攝入量越高體內之汞含量也可能會相對增加。

關鍵字

育齡婦女 ； 頭髮 ； 甲基汞 ； 市售魚體 ； 每日暴露量 ； 不孕

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to assess the methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in hair of women of childbearing age and in commercial fish in Taiwan, and to calculate the daily exposure of MeHg to evaluate the risk of fish consumption for these women. This study collected hair samples from infertile and pregnant women between years 2007 and 2009, and analyzed the MeHg concentration in hair. Nearly 70% of women of childbearing age had hair MeHg concentration equal to or greater than 1 mg kg-1, the USEPA reference dose. The geometric means of women’s hair MeHg were 1.82±0.14 mg kg-1 and 1.23±0.18 mg kg-1 for the infertile and pregnant women, respectively. The hair MeHg concentration in infertile women was significantly greater than that in pregnant women (p<0.05).
This study further collected fish samples in 2014, and analyzed their MeHg concentration in fish.The Concentration of MeHg in fishes ranged from 0.001 to 0.54 mg kg-1. Results indicated that over 80% of women of childbearing age had estimated daily MeHg dose exceeding the reference dose, i.e., 0.1 μg kg BW-1 d-1. The averaged women’s daily MeHg exposure dose were 0.51±0.49 and 0.34±0.34 μg kg BW-1d-1 for the infertile and pregnant women, respectively. The daily MeHg exposure dose in infertile groups was significantly larger than that in pregnant women (p<0.01). Pregnancy is significantly correlated with hair MeHg and daily MeHg exposure doses (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively), and a significantly correlation between hair MeHg concentrations and daily MeHg exposure was observed (p<0.01). This result shows that the intake of mercury and mercury in the body may cause women infertility.

並列關鍵字

Methylmercury ； Hair ； Childbearing age ； Commercial fish ； Daily exposure ； Infertility

參考文獻

環保署，「健康風險評估技術規範」，2011。

黃文亮，含汞物質使用管理與管制策略之研究，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學環境工程與管理所，台北市，2008。

陳柏羲，甲基汞濃度對於婦女懷孕情形及相關影響因子之探討，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學環境工程與管理所，台北市，2013。

Susan M. S., O. C. David, G. G. Steven, G. Michael, G. III Edward, M. H. Jane, and M. S. Frederick, “Recognizing and Preventing Overexposure to Methylmercury from Fish and Seafood Consumption: Information for Physicians,” Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 2011.

行政院環境保護署，2013。http://www.epa.gov.tw/