摘要 在現今的社會中,資訊電子產品的應用隨處見,食、衣、住、行、育、樂及醫療都可見電子產品的蹤影。隨著需求產品的增加,IC產業在全球人類生活中的影響力也逐漸佔有不可磨滅的重要位置。 本研究主要在探討IC產業在發展初期的垂直整合的IDM(整合元件製造廠商, Integrated Device Manufacture)逐步轉向專業化分工的模式因素。利用Coase 及 Williamson所先後提出及整理的交易成本理論首先討論形成IC產業垂直整合的驅動因素;接著再以Jacobides等所提出的影響交易分工的因素來探討IC產業隨後形成專業化分工的因素。而台灣的IC廠商在IC產業價值鏈上專業化分工的活動中一直都扮演著重要的角色。新竹科學園區所形成的群聚效應對於台灣IC廠商之所以能夠形成產業的優勢,實有功不可沒的影響力。 因為專業化分工的價值鏈上的活動績效高於垂直整合模式,因此多數的IDM廠商也開始釋放訂單交由專業化廠商製造,使得IC產業價值鏈的專業化分工態勢更加穩固。雖IDM仍有其存在的意義,但專業化分工已逐漸取代垂直整合,形成主流。
Abstract In this modern society, the applications of electronic information productions are everywhere; moreover, the IC is the core of all electronic productions. Without IC, neither electronic production nor information that people can get. As the increasing of the production demand, people have been starting noticing the IC’s influence in our life. The IC industry can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, most firms adopted vertical integrated business model whereas the latter one is vertical de-integration model. In this regards, the thesis mainly discuss on how transaction efficiency affect the division of labors in IC industry. First, we used transaction cost theory to analysis why the initial firms in the IC industry choose vertical integrated model. Second, we took transaction efficiency theory as main factor to analysis the evolution on the IC industry value chain-from vertical integrated to vertical dis-integrated model. Additionally, industry cluster played an indispensable role in the industry evolution. Due to the change of transaction efficiency, most IDM firms started outsourcing their functions to specialized firms. Despite the importance of vertical integrated model, specialization has already become the main stream in IC industry.