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  • 學位論文

臺灣優秀運動選手生命歷程轉換與生涯發展關係之探討

The relationship between life transitions and career development in Taiwanese elite athletes

指導教授 : 鄭志富
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摘要


運動員的內在意志形成,會受到許多社會化經驗以及社會結構所影響,生命歷程的概念是個體與社會互動的過程,經由文化背景、環境因素、人際互動關係以及社會結構之下,逐漸發展並影響其生命歷程的改變,本研究以深度訪談法,針對亞、奧運項目,並在國內連續獲得三連霸成績以上的5位運動員進行訪談,透過解釋性互動論概念進行整理與分析,從中了解外在社會結構對於運動員的內在意志,進而改變選手生命歷程的行為模式轉換。研究結果顯示:一、運動員既身處競技運動世界卻也同樣活在現實生活世界,其現實層面的生存條件考量,會經由外在社會結構制度的影響,發展出特定的行為模式。二、從社會結構制度與選手生命歷程之間的關聯可發現,運動員最終所追求的不外乎為穩定的生涯發展以及對工作的渴望,但卻礙於害怕自己缺乏社會競爭力,會轉而在選手生涯當中,盡力掌握可獲得的資源,包含獎勵金以及期待利用優異的成績表現,求得未來穩定的生涯發展。三、運動員的選手生命歷程亦是建構未來生涯發展的基石,經由運動員歷經年齡、環境壓力、經濟因素考量,以及運動成績表現等種種因素,使運動員意識到競技運動並非單純存在,並開始為生涯轉換做一規劃,但囿於運動員終其一生為了競技運動付出,使他們僅能於有限的轉換方式盡全力求發展,而運動選手生涯所獲得的獎勵金更轉化成為運動員往後生涯轉換的保障。建議後續研究可針對臺灣設有體育相關科系之大專校院,配合課程安排與校內軟硬體設施,甚至可比較非體育科班與體育科班體制下的優秀運動員,從中發現運動員對於生涯發展轉換的異同點。並可配合政府所推出之政策,調查運動員適應狀況,以協助瞭解施行之可行性。

並列摘要


As an athlete, the inner willpower was usually influenced by the experiences of socialization. The concept represented a process of an interplay which between individual and society. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of career of athletes and examined how cultural background, environment, interpersonal interactions, and social structure affect the relationship between life transitions and career developments. The qualitative study was conducted by in-depth interviews and analyzed via interpretive interactionism. The findings of this study showed the main aspects of the athletes’ career changes are as follows: 1) being in the real world, the practical consideration controls athletes’ willpower inevitably, 2) considering of athletes’ age, environmental stress, economical conditions, and performance, the reward becomes the priority they were pursuing, 3) athletes spend their whole life to pursue better performance to exchange more security which offered by government, hence, their career transition must under a certain limitation. They are also difficult to change their career after retirement. As a result, during the professional player lives, their thinking patterns of career planning will be deeply influenced by seeking more secure life insurance. The follow-up studies could be compare with sports related departments of colleges in Taiwan by curriculum designed, sub-system, software and hardware facilities, even with the athletes in sports system and non-sports system of colleges to discover the similarities and differences between athletes conversion for career development. Also, the researcher could coordinate the policies introduced by the government to investigate the adapt situation on athletes, in order to assist in understanding of the feasibility implement.

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