兩岸食品安全合作機制-多層次治理途徑分析

Cross-Strait Food Safety Cooperation Mechanism - A Multi-Level Governance Approach

曾鈞聖(Chun-Sheng Tseng)

指導教授 ： 廖坤榮

國立中正大學/社會科學院/政治學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

因兩岸貿易交流熱絡，近年來黑心食品問題與食品安全事件已漸成為兩岸共同面對的議題。由於2008年中國大陸發生三聚氰胺事件，影響兩岸的食品安全，因此雙方簽訂《海峽兩岸食品安全協議》，兩岸食品安全合作進入新的里程碑。然而，協議簽訂並未能改善兩岸雙方對食品安全的重視，兩岸食品安全事件持續發生，共同擁有食品不安全的問題，不論是中國大陸和台灣皆各自無法解決，但兩岸並未曾想過從改善兩岸食品協議的規範著手，深入兩岸食品安全合作，僅放任該協議成為一種象徵。

食品安全在生活中屬於「寧靜政治」，相較於選舉、外交等議題，食品重大事件皆是新聞媒體報導後，才受到民眾的重視，但事件過後，其重視程度降低。另外，政府消極讓不良食品在市場流竄的作為，不僅會造成社會大眾不安，也會造成經濟市場的崩解。因此，需要更多方面、多層次的管理食品衛生，才能避免單一管理產生的問題。

本論文為了改善《海峽兩岸食品安全協議》本文及提供兩岸食品安全合作的新方向，分成兩個面向分析：第一，兩岸各自食品安全制度的優勢與國際主流食品安全制度做比較，藉此改善和補充協議本文；第二，透過歐盟多層次治理模式套用於兩岸中，探討兩岸食品安全多層次治理的實踐與挑戰。本文結論，當前兩岸關係影響多層次治理形成的困難，缺乏超國家組織的監督讓協議無法發揮效用，導致食品安全事件仍頻傳，但食品安全事件並非危機而是督促治理模式改變的轉機。

關鍵字

兩岸食品安全合作 ； 兩岸關係 ； 多層次治理 ； 寧靜政治 ； 食品安全 ； 海峽兩岸食品安全協議

並列摘要

Due to Cross-Strait trade exchanges heating up, adulterated food and food safety incidents in recent years has gradually become cross-strait common issues. Melamine incident occurred due to the Mainland China in 2008, affecting cross-strait food safety, so signing the "Cross-Strait Food Safety Agreement", entered a new milestone in cross-strait food safety cooperation. However, the agreement has failed to improve both sides across the Taiwan Strait on the importance of food safety, food safety incidents continue to occur across the Taiwan Strait, together with problems of food insecurity, both Mainland China and Taiwan cannot be resolved, but the two sides had not wanted to improve cross-strait food agreed norms, and in-depth food safety cooperation, only allowed the agreement to be a symbol.

Food safety are "Quiet Politics" in life, compared to issues such as elections, foreign food after a major event is the media coverage will be subject to public attention, but after the event, reduced its importance. In addition, negative as bad food on the market movements, not only cause public anxiety, can also cause the disintegration of economic market. Therefore, needs more context, and multiple levels of sanitation and hygiene in order to avoid problems arising from the management.

This thesis is a new direction for the improvement of "Cross-Strait Food Safety Agreement" in this article and provide the Cross-Strait food safety cooperation, divided into two sides analysis: first, on both sides of respective food security system of advantage and international mainstream food security system do compared, by this improved and added agreement article; second, through the EU Multi-level Governance model applied to Taiwan and mainland discussion on practice and challenges, Cross-Strait food safety of Multi-level Governance. The conclusion of this paper, the current Cross-Strait relations affect the formation of Multi-level Governance difficulties, lack of supervision and supranational organizations make agreement cannot be performed, leading to food safety incidents are still pouring in, but the incidents of food safety crisis but not urge the governance mode change turn.

並列關鍵字

Cross-strait food safety cooperation ； Cross-strait relations ； Multi-leveI governance ； Quiet politics ； Food safety ； Cross-Strait Food Safety Agreement

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