公共污水處理廠污泥厭氧消化效能評估-超音波水解及質量平衡分析

The Evaluation of Sludge Anaerobic Digestion in Public Sewage Treatment Plant - Ultrasonic Hydrolysis & Mass Balance Analysis

張維中(Wei-Jhong Jhang)

指導教授 ： 莊順興

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本研究主要針對公共污水處理廠進行污泥厭氧消化效能評估，分別進行污泥超音波水解以及質量平衡分析，探討污泥經超音波水解後，有機物釋出、污泥減量以及水解產物產氣效果，另一方面同時進行國內各污水廠資料蒐集，以進行質量平衡分析，期建立污泥處理單元評估架構。
實驗結果顯示污泥超音波水解於CODs的溶出方面，濃縮及消化污泥都有顯著的效果，但於污泥減量的部分，消化污泥並無明顯變化，濃縮污泥則是於超音波處理時間拉長後，其TS或SS的減少幅度明顯降低；將水解後之污泥進行生化甲烷產勢試驗，濃縮污泥沼氣產量：未處理 > 1 min > 5 min > 10 min，消化污泥10 min ≥ 5 min > 未處理 > 1 min > 30 min。濃縮及消化污泥經超音波水解後，雖可增加CODs的溶出及減少污泥量(僅濃縮污泥)，但於BMP試驗上，產氣之情形並未增加。
以各污水廠提供之資料顯示，各廠所填報之資料均無統一性，且大部分污水處理廠並未進行污泥量之統計，無法有效進行各單元之量平衡分析，若以現場實地走訪及採樣之進行評估，結果顯示各單元有達到質量平衡，厭氧消化效能也位於標準之上，操作狀況屬良好。若需針對污泥單元進行效能評估，建議應統一檢測項目及頻率。

關鍵字

生化甲烷產勢 ； 超音波水解 ； 公共污水處理廠 ； 厭氧消化

並列摘要

This study mainly focused on public sewage treatment plants to conduct the effectiveness evaluation of anaerobically digested sludge and respectively conducted the sludge ultrasonic analysis and mass balance analysis. After the sludge ultrasonic analysis, the organic matter release, sludge reduction, and gas effects of hydrolysis products were discussed. Furthermore, the study simultaneously carried out domestic sewage plant data collection and conducted a mass balance analysis to establish the assessment framework for the sludge treatment units.
The experimental results show that in the ultrasonic sludge hydrolysis in terms of dissolution of CODs, concentrated and digested sludge had notable effects, but in the sludge reduction portion, digested sludge had no significant change. In the concentrated sludge after the lengthening of ultrasonic processing time, the reduced rate of TS or SS significantly decreased; thus, the sludge after hydrolysis, biochemical methane production potential test, and concentrated sludge biogas production were as follows: untreated > 1 min > 5 min > 10 min; digested sludge 10 min ≥ 5 min > untreated > 1 min > 30 min. For concentrated and digested sludge after ultrasound hydrolysis, although dissolution of CODs increased and sludge (concentrated sludge only) decreased, gas production situation did not increase in the BMP test.
From the data provided by each sewage treatment plant, the reported information showed no unity, and most of the sewage treatment plants did not have statistics on sludge volume. As a balance analysis could not be effectively conducted on each unit, the evaluation results of onsite field interviews and sampling showed that each unit reached the mass balance, the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion was also above standard, and the operating conditions were good. For the sludge unit to carry out an effectiveness evaluation, it is recommended that the test items and frequency be unified.

並列關鍵字

Biochemical Methane Potential ； Ultrasonic Hydrolysis ； Public Sewage Treatment Plant ； Anaerobic Digestion

參考文獻

5.謝仁捷，「厭氧生物固定化程序處理都市污水」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學工學院環境工程研究所，台北(2014)。

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