以拒菸為議題之社區健康促進計畫

A Community Health Promotion Program Focusing on Anti-smoking

吳文琪(Wen-Chi Wu) ； 李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen) ； 潘怜燕(Ling-Yen Pan) ； 蔡鶯鶯(Ying-Ying Tsai)

《Journal of Medical Education》 9卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 91-103

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200503_9(1).0008

摘要

本研究之目的是探討以拒菸為議題的社區健康促進計畫在提升社區意識、改變吸菸行為、及營造拒菸環境的成效。首先，以成長團體活動提升核心組織成員之能力，進而應用社區發展五階段模式推動以「拒菸」為主題之社區健康促進計畫。為評價介入成效，同時採用問卷調查之量性方法和深度訪談之質性方法收集資料。研究結果發現，以特定主題推動社區健康營造計畫被證實是可行的，不僅能增長核心組織成員的能力，還可營造有益健康的環境，並建立居民的健康行為。在計畫結束後，社區的整體吸菸率雖然沒有顯著降低，但在參加戒菸競賽者中，有一半的人完全戒菸，另一半的人則減少其吸菸量。此外，計畫結束後居民感受到身處拒菸環境的比率顯著提升。社區健康促進計畫有助於組織成員之增能及拒菸環境之營造，然需要有更長時間的追蹤和評量。

關鍵字

拒菸 ； 社區營造 ； 健康促進 ； 成長團體

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of a community health promotion program focusing on tobacco control by raising community consciousness, changing smoking behavior and building up an anti-smoking environment. At first, we empowered community core members by group development activities. A five-stage community health promotion program focusing on anti-smoking was followed. Quantitative data collected from a questionnaire survey and qualitative data collected by in-depth interview were used to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention. The results showed that to build a healthy community by focusing on a specific topic is feasible. Community development strategies can increase core members' capabilities, build a healthy environment in the community and establish behavior patterns for the residents. At the end of intervention, no significant decrease in smoking prevalence within the community was found. Nevertheless, half of the participants who took part in the cigarette cessation competition had quit smoking while the rest of them had reduced their level of smoking. In addition, the rate of residents who perceived an anti-smoking environment around them increased after the community intervention. A health promotion program implemented in a community can empower the members' capabilities and help build an anti-smoking environment. The community development model can therefore be applied to various health issues. Nevertheless, it will need a longer time for follow-up and to allow proper evaluation.

並列關鍵字

anti-smoking ； community building ； health promotion ； group development

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