中文摘要 護理人員長期在高壓與高危險性環境下工作,對職業所產生之倦怠感相對提昇,然而影響職業倦怠因素眾多,因此,本研究除探討護理人員執業環境與職業倦怠之影響外,另以家庭支持度為變項,嘗試瞭解家庭的支持是否有助於減緩護理人員對職業倦怠之感本文以國內外文獻為基礎,依研究目的以執業環境、家庭支持與職業倦怠三個構面來進行問卷,採用模糊德懷術、項目分析篩選題項完成正式量表,以台中地區執業護理人員進行問卷調查,回收問卷221份,有效問卷204份,並使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數與相關分析探討三者之相關性;本問卷信度Cronbach α係數0.763,達理想範圍。 研究結果顯示: 1. 護理人員背景變項中,除婚姻狀況、有無子女、與薪資具顯著差異外,其餘變項皆未達顯著。 2. 護理人員執業環境滿意度越高,對職業倦怠感受越低;另護理人員之家庭支持度越高,對職業倦怠感受較低。 3. 執業環境影響職業倦怠之研究結果與相關文獻研究相符,並進一步發現執業環境滿意度同時影響家庭支持度並進而影響職業倦怠,顯示「執業環境」、「家庭支持」與「職業倦怠」三者具關聯性。 綜合以上結果,執業環境的改善與提昇可以降低護理人員之職業倦怠感受並且提昇家庭支持度,家庭成員若可以適時給予協助與支持,有助於改善職業倦怠之感受。 本研究僅以台中地區護理人員為主,建議擴大研究樣本,強化研究結果,並且可針對護理人員與家庭關係影響家庭支持之層面,以及護理人員從事護理之動機是否影響職業倦怠之感受進行更深入之研究。
Abstract Nursing staffs feel burnout under high stressed and high risk in health care environment. In this research, we expect positive practice environment and family support could reduce burnout and thus to provide quality care. There are three dimensions in “Practice Environment”, “Burnout”, and “Family Support” for the questionnaire. We analyses by Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and item analysis for complete the formal questionnaire. A cluster sampling consisted of 221 nurses were recruited from the health care organization in Taichung resulting in a responding rate of 92%, the Cronbach α is 0.763. The statistics applied for data analysis were descriptive statistics, independent t-test, One-Way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation with SPSS for Windows 17.0. The result of this study indicated (1) There are not significant differences on burnout in other personal characteristics but marriage, children status and salary. (2) There are positive correlation between “Practice Environment” and “Family Support”; and negative correlation between “Family Support” and “Burnout”, the result are consisting with the former studies. (3) The relationship among “Practice Environment”, “Burnout”, and “Family Support” is correlated. Based on above findings, improve the practice environment could ease the burnout but also raise family support. Family member could give support and assist timely to reduce the burnout.