以核酸擴增技術評估台灣地區捐血者B型肝炎病毒陽性率

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以核酸擴增技術評估台灣地區捐血者B型肝炎病毒陽性率

HBV DNA Positive Rate in HBsAg-negative Blood Donations by NAT

楊若英 , Masters　　Advisor：陳培哲　　

繁體中文

B型肝炎病毒； Hepatitis B virus

Abstract │ Reference (67) │ Altmetrics

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Currently, serologic screening is the method used in Taiwan to reduce the frequency of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. The screening program for HBV infection among blood donors differs between developed countries and developing countries. In some developed countries, like the US, blood donors are screened for both hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) and also antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). People positive for either one are disqualified on the basis of evidence of ongoing or past infections. Such practice is feasible in developed countries in which hepatitis B infection rate is low. In contrast, in developing countries, like the Taiwan, where hepatitis B is endemic, about 90% of adults have anti-HBc antibody, indicating either past or ongoing hepatitis B infections. Therefore new screening method is needed. With the advent of new viral detection technology, especially the NAT, around 10-30％ of people with past hepatitis B infection seronegative for HBsAg actually harbored viral DNA in their blood or blood cell. Even in people positive for anti-HBs and anti-HBc, a conventional criteria for recovery from past hepatitis B infection, there are still 1-10％ reported positive for HBV DNA by NAT, though at a very low titer. It is imperative to know among blood donors qualified by current hepatitis B serologic screening protocol, the prevalence of seropositivity for HBV DNA. The result is also very important to re-evaluation develop blood screen strategy, to improve the safety of blood transfusion in Taiwan. Our data showed that our in-house assay is very sensitive（95％ detect limit：10 IU/ml）, and the positive rate for HBsAg negative blood donation is 0.18％.

Reference ( 67 ) 〈TOP〉

Allain JP.（2005）Lack of correlation between hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA levels in blood donors. Transfusion 45：1039-40.
連結：
Allain JP.（2004）Occult hepatitis B virus infection：implications in transfusion. Vox Sang 86：83-91.
連結：
Allain JP.（2004）Occult hepatitis B virus infection. Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 11：18-25.
連結：
Allain JP, Candotti D, Soldan K.（2003）The risk of hepatitis B virus infection by transfusion in Kumasi. Ghana. Blood 101：2419-25.
連結：
Allain JP, Hewitt PE, Tedder RS, Williamson LM.（1999）Evidence that anti-HBc but not HBV DNA testing may prevent some HBV transmission by transfusion. Br J Hematol 107:186-95.
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