青少年失落經驗、社會支持與自我傷害相關之研究

A Study of Loss Experiences, Social Supports, and Self-mutilation of the Adolescents

林青秀(Ching-Hsiu Lin)

指導教授 ： 蔡順良

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討青少年的失落經驗社會支持與自我傷害三者之間的關係。以臺北縣市七所公立國中的七、八年級學生為研究對象，共計1,117名。本研究採用問卷調查法進行資料收集，所使用的研究工具包括『失落經驗量表』、『社會支持量表』及『自我傷害量表』。調查所得資料分別以t考驗、典型相關、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理。本研究的主要發現如下：
一、 失落經驗方面，在『互動關係失落』、『自我價值（評價）失落』的得分上，女生顯著高於男生。在『重要客體失落』的得分上，男女生則無顯著差異。
二、 社會支持方面，在『情緒（感）支持』、『評價性/回饋性支持』及『訊息性/建議性支持』的得分上，女生皆顯著高於男生。
三、 自我傷害方面，在『負面情緒』、『退縮/自我批評』的得分上，女生皆顯著高於男生。在『攻擊行為』及『自殘自傷』的得分上，男女生則無顯著差異。
四、 青少年的失落經驗、社會支持與自我傷害有相關存在。失落經驗與自我傷害為低度正相關；社會支持與自我傷害為低度負相關。
五、失落經驗中的『自我價值（評價）失落』、『互動關係失落』、『重要客體失落』與社會支持中的『情緒（感）性支持』、『評價性/回饋性支持』分量表可有效預測青少年自我傷害。其中，『自我價值（評價）失落』最能預測青少年的自我傷害。
本研究根據以上的研究結果加以討論，並提出針對教育相關單位及親職上的應用與未來研究的建議。

關鍵字

失落經驗 ； 社會支持 ； 自我傷害

並列摘要

This study investigates the relationships among loss experiences , social supports and self-mutilation. The sample consisted of 1,117 students from the 7th and 8th grades from seven junior high schools in Taipei.
Instruments used in this study include “The Loss Experiences Questionnaire”, “The Social Supports Questionnaire” and “The Self-mutilation Questionnaire”. Data obtained in this study are analyzed with the means of t-test, canonical correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis.
The main findings are as follows:
1.With regard to loss experiences, the scores of female students are higher than those of male students on interaction relationship loss and self-worth(self-evaluation) loss. There was no significant difference on
important object loss.
2.With regard to social supports, the scores of female students are higher than those of male students on emotional support, appraisal support, and informational support.
3. With regard to self-injurious, the scores of female students are higher than those of male students on negative emotion, and withdrawal (self-criticism).
There was no significant difference on aggressive behavior, and self-mutilation/ self-injury.
4.The result of canonical correlation analyses reveals that self-mutilation is
associated with loss experiences and social supports. Loss experiences are positively correlated with self-mutilation and social supports are negatively correlated with self-injurious.
5. According to the result of regression stepwise analyses, self-worth(self-evaluation) loss, interaction relationship loss, important object loss , emotional support, and appraisal support seem to significantly
predict self-mutilation, which accounted for 27.6% of the variance of the self-injurious.
Based on the results, implications of this study for education-related organizations, and parenting are discussed, and suggestions for future research are proposed.
Keywords: loss experiences, social supports , self-mutilation

並列關鍵字

loss experiences ； social supports ； self-mutilation

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