母親回應教養與學齡前兒童奮力控制及攻擊行為之關聯：交叉延宕模式的分析

程景琳; 鄭蓉; 陳虹仰

doi:10.6151/CERQ.202112_29(4).0001

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DOI： 10.6151/CERQ

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母親回應教養與學齡前兒童奮力控制及攻擊行為之關聯：交叉延宕模式的分析

MATERNAL RESPONSIVENESS AND PRESCHOOLERS' EFFORTFUL CONTROL AND AGGRESSION: A CROSS-LAGGED MODEL

程景琳(Ching-Ling Cheng) ；鄭蓉(Jung Cheng) ；陳虹仰(Hung-Yang Chen)

當代教育研究季刊； 29卷4期 (2021 / 12 / 31) ， P1 - 5+7-30

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6151/CERQ.202112_29(4).0001

回應教養；奮力控制；攻擊行為；學齡前兒童；縱貫設計；交叉延宕模式；臺灣幼兒發展調查資料庫； Aggression ； Cross-lagged model ； Effortful control ； Kids in Taiwan: National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care ； Longitudinal design ； Preschoolers ； Responsive parenting

Abstract │ Reference (65) │ Altmetrics

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Purpose: The current study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between maternal responsiveness and preschoolers' effortful control and aggression utilizing a cross-lagged analysis approach. Design/methodology/approach: The current research used data from ＂Kids in Taiwan: National Longitudinal Study of Child Development & Care.＂ Survey data collected in the first to the third waves of the study from mothers of a 36-month-old cohort were analyzed. Preschoolers (N = 1,144, 49.4% girls) were three, four, and five years old during the three investigations, respectively. Controlling for the effects of child gender and family socioeconomic status, the present study examined the associations between maternal responsiveness and preschoolers' effortful control and aggression across two years using structural equation modeling. Findings/results: The results revealed positive bidirectional associations between maternal responsiveness and preschoolers' effortful control, suggesting both parent and child effects between the two. However, while maternal responsiveness negatively predicted preschoolers' aggression one-year later, the reverse was not true: The influence of maternal responsiveness on preschooler's aggression was one-way. Moreover, a significant mediation was found: Preschoolers' effortful control at the age of three was predictive of enhanced maternal responsiveness when preschoolers were four years old, which in turn predicted preschoolers' lower levels of aggression at the age of five. Notably, whereas preschoolers' effortful control at the age of four negatively predicted their aggressive tendency one year later, the indirect effect of maternal responsiveness when preschoolers were three years old on preschoolers' aggression at the age of five via preschoolers' effortful control at the age of four was only marginally significant. Originality/value: Although prior studies conducted in Taiwan have investigated the associations between maternal responsiveness and preschoolers' effortful control or aggression, most of them utilized concurrent data and thus prevented us from understanding the temporal associations between these constructs. To address the gap, the current research examined this issue by means of a nationally representative sample along with a longitudinal design. The findings demonstrated that maternal responsiveness associated with preschoolers' better effortful control and lower aggressive tendency one year later. In addition, preschoolers' effortful control served as an antecedent of maternal responsiveness. Although preschoolers' aggression did not significantly predict maternal responsiveness a year later, whether the significance of this association will be contingent on children's developmental stage deserves further clarification. Suggestions/implications: Parenting education that teaches mothers how to express their care for their child (ren) could increase young children's self-regulation and reduce their aggressive behavior. Training to increase mothers' warm responsiveness or children's effortful control could contribute to their reciprocal associations and promote children's psychological adjustment.

Reference ( 65 ) 〈TOP〉

徐儷瑜, L. Y.(2012)。親職行為在父母衝突與兒童適應問題之間的關係探討。中華心理學刊，54(2)，149-167。
連結：
涂妙如, M. J.,黃迺毓, N. Y.(2009)。幼兒托育經驗、氣質與母子依戀之相關研究。人類發展與家庭學報，11，49-74。
連結：
張鑑如, C. J.,謝淑惠, S. H.,周麗端, L. T.,廖鳳瑞, F. R.(2017)。幼兒發展調查資料庫建置計畫簡介。中國統計學報，55(1)，42-62。
連結：
鄭馨淑, H. S.,陳若琳, J. L.(2015)。父母婚姻衝突、負向教養與高年級學童攻擊行為的相關研究。家庭教育與諮商學刊，18，89-110。
連結：
Allan, N. P.,Lonigan, C. J.(2011).Examining the dimensionality of effortful control in preschool children and its relation to academic and socioemotional indicators.Developmental Psychology,47(4),905-915.

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