Varieties of Semi-Presidentialism and Their Impact on Nascent Democracies

Robert Elgie

doi:10.29654/TJD.200801.0004

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P53 - 71

Social Sciences > Politics

DOI： 10.29654/TJD

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Varieties of Semi-Presidentialism and Their Impact on Nascent Democracies

Robert Elgie

Taiwan Journal of Democracy ； 3卷2期 (2008 / 01 / 01) ， P53 - 71

英文 DOI： 10.29654/TJD.200801.0004

Abstract │ Reference (33) │ Times Cited (17) │ Altmetrics

Parallel Abstract 〈TOP〉

Semi-presidentialism is the situation where the constitution identifies both a directly elected president and a prime minister responsible to the legislature. There are now some sixty countries in the world with a semi-presidential constitution. However, the academic wisdom is resolutely opposed to the adoption of semi-presidentialism and nascent democracies are advised to avoid this form of government. This essay examines the performance of semi-presidentialism. Particular attention is paid to the effect of various forms of semi-presidentialism. Different forms of semi-presidentialism are expected to have different effects. To this end, all the countries with a semi-presidential constitution that have embarked on the process of democratic transition are identified. To what extent was semi-presidentialism a factor in the cases when the transition process was successful? When the transition process failed, to what extent was semi-presidentialism responsible for this failure? What was the effect of different forms of semi-presidentialism on the process of democratization? The findings suggest that there is inconclusive evidence to document some of the major problems commonly associated with semi-presidentialism. The performance of semi-presidentialism seems strongly influenced by noninstitutional factors. However, there is a difference between the performance of the two main types of semi-presidentialism that are identified. Overall, the findings do not provide grounds to recommend for or against the adoption of semi-presidentialism as opposed to parliamentarism or presidentialism, but if constitution-makers decide to adopt a semi-presidential constitution, then the findings suggest that they should adopt a premier-presidential form of semi-presidentialism.

Reference ( 33 ) 〈TOP〉

Henisz Political Constraint Index (POLCON)
Adam Przeworski,Michael E. Alvarez,José Antonio Cheibub,Fernando Limongi(2000).Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
Angus Maddison(2003).The World Economy: Historical Statistics.Paris:OECD.
Anna Sophia Nyholm Moestrup(2004).George Washington University.
Arend Lijphart(2004).Constitutional Design for Divided Societies.Journal of Democracy,15(2),102.

Times Cited ( 17 ) 〈TOP〉

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