與佛相應、與神相契：臺灣佛教徒與基督徒的祈禱修行體驗

Responding to the Buddha, According with God: Prayer and Religious Cultivation Experiences of Taiwanese Buddhists and Christians

蔡怡佳(Yi-jia Tsai)

《臺灣宗教研究》 15卷1期 (2016/06) Pp. 51-78

摘要

祈禱是人朝向神聖、與神聖力量或神聖對象之來往與溝通的重要方式，遍布於所有的宗教傳統。在華人宗教的傳統中，祈禱是祭神而有所求的行動，道教藉著祈福、解厄等科儀表達祈願；猶太教徒、基督徒、正教徒與穆斯林將祈禱視為人與上主溝通交流的方式；印度教徒以祈禱表達與神聖合一的渴望；佛教徒以誦經或梵唄等方式與佛陀的教導相應，祈求痛苦的解脫與智慧的了悟。祈禱不僅是維繫神聖與人之關係的主要方式，也是重要的修行方式，個人常常從祈禱的修行經驗得到轉化。本文將以修行心理學的分析取徑來探討臺灣佛教徒與基督徒的祈禱修行體驗，探討這些體驗所涉及之種種面向以及對個體所帶來的轉化。

關鍵字

祈禱 ； 修行 ； 佛教徒 ； 基督徒 ； 宗教心理學

並列摘要

Prayer is an important way that individuals approach and communicate with the sacred, divine power, or sacred objects, and is universal in all religious traditions. In Chinese religious traditions, prayer is offering sacrifices to deities and any behavior that entreats: Daoists express prayer through rituals that pray for blessings and alleviate misfortune; Jewish, Christians, Eastern Orthodox Christians, and Muslims consider prayer as the means by which people communicate and interact with God. Hindus, through prayer, express a longing to merge with the sacred; Buddhists, through methods such as recitation of scripture or chanting prayers, respond to the guidance of the Buddha, seeking release from suffering and realization of perfect wisdom (i.e. enlightenment). Prayer is not only the principal manner by which the relationship between the sacred and human beings is maintained, it is also an important mode of religious cultivation; individuals often obtain transformation through their cultivation experiences in prayer. This essay, through an analytical approach concerning cultivation psychology, explores the prayer cultivation experiences of Buddhists and Christians in Taiwan, all the various facets that these experiences involve, as well as the individual transformations brought about through them.

並列關鍵字

prayer ； religious cultivation ； Buddhists ； Christians ； psychology of religion

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