華語作為第二語言泰籍學習者聲調之感知研究

本論文探討華語作為第二語言泰籍學習者對於華語聲調感知的習得歷程，根據華語學習者聲調聽辨感知的追蹤研究，進行華語作為第二語言聲調感知習得的分析。本論文研究對象包含臺灣及泰國地區的泰籍華語學習者共計30名，接受本研究的聲調測試與追蹤。研究結果顯示，在學習時數相同的條件下，臺灣地區的泰籍華語學習者在華語第一聲（高平調）、第三聲（降升調或低調）、第四聲（降調）方面的感知準確率高於第二聲（升調），整體聲調聽辨感知準確率優於泰國地區的華語學習者，證實華語學習者留學目標語地區的經驗會強化泰籍華語學習者的華語聲調感知習得。本研究感知實驗結果支持「語音學習模式」（Flege 1995），並提出以華語課室溝通式情境互動聲調練習，改善泰籍學習者對華語聲調第二聲感知的偏誤。

關鍵字

華語聲調；華語作為第二語言；泰籍學習者；聲調感知；留學經驗

並列摘要

This study investigates the tone perception of Thai-speaking second language learners of Mandarin Chinese. Thirty Thai-speaking learners of Mandarin Chinese from two groups (Study-Abroad Group and At-Home Group) participated in the longitudinal study in Taiwan and Thailand. Using a pre-test-post-test design, it compared the effects of study abroad on the accuracy rate of Mandarin tonal perception of Thai-speaking learners of Mandarin Chinese. The results showed that most Thai learners of Mandarin Chinese in the Study-Abroad Group perceived Mandarin level tone (Tone 1), low falling-rising tone (Tone 3) and falling tone (Tone 4) more accurately. Study-Abroad Group outperformed At-Home Group on the tonal perception tests. On the other hand, error tokens of Tone 2 from perception tests were reduced in the Study-Abroad Group, after 24 hours of studying Mandarin in Taiwan. Findings from the perception tests support the Speech Learning Model (Flege 1995). This study suggests that communicative tonal drills and explicit phonetic instruction in Mandarin classroom interactions have effects on the tonal perception accuracy of second language learners of Mandarin Chinese.