甘藷基腐病防治藥劑篩選

Screening of Fungicides for Foot Rot of Sweet Potato Caused by Phomopsis destruens

黃巧雯(Chiao-Wen Huang) ； 楊宏仁(Hong-Ren Yang) ； 林靜宜(Ching-Yi Lin) ； 許淑麗(Sui-Li Hsu) ； 柯文琪(Wen-Chi Ko) ； 倪蕙芳(Hui-Fang Ni)

《台灣農業研究》 66卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 66-73

https://doi.org/10.6156/JTAR/2017.06601.08

摘要

甘藷基腐病為近年來甘藷之重要病害之一，本研究針對該病原菌 (Phomopsis destruens) 進行其防治藥劑篩選評估，測試殺菌劑對本菌之菌絲生長及分生孢子發芽影響。結果顯示，撲克拉錳、貝芬依滅列、克熱淨、菲克利腐絕、貝芬撲克拉、滅特座、貝芬菲克利及腐絕等8 種藥劑處理皆可有效抑制菌絲生長，而在10 mg a.i. L^(-1) 有效成分濃度下，賽普護汰寧、撲克拉錳、貝芬依滅列、克熱淨、菲克利腐絕、貝芬撲克拉、亞托敏、依普同、滅特座、扶吉胺、貝芬菲克利及腐絕等12 種藥劑皆可顯著降低病原菌之分生孢子發芽。另於溫室實際應用克熱淨、滅特座、扶吉胺、貝芬菲克利、腐絕及菲克利腐絕等6 種化學藥劑進行甘藷基腐病之防治測試，結果顯示腐絕、菲克利腐絕及貝芬菲克利等3 種藥劑施用時可顯著抑制此本病害之發生。進一步瞭解腐絕在藷塊上農藥殘留情形，結果顯示於施用後30 d 及60 d，藷塊之藥劑殘留量皆為0.1 mg L^(-1) 以下，為低殘留藥劑，建議未來可考量優先以腐絕為供試藥劑進行甘藷基腐病之田間防治試驗。

關鍵字

甘藷 ； 基腐病 ； 甘藷基腐病菌 ； 藥劑篩選

並列摘要

Foot rot is one of emerging diseases for sweet potato in recent years. The objective of this study was to screen fungicides for foot rot diseases caused by Phomopsis destruens. The results showed that mycelial growth was effectively inhibited by prochloraz-manganese, carbendazim + imazalil, iminoctadine triacetate, hexaconazole + thiabendazole, carbendazim + prochloraz, metconazole, carbendazim + hexaconazole and thiabendazole. Spore germination of P. destruens was inhibited by cyprodinil + fludioxonil, prochloraz-manganese, carbendazim + imazalil, iminoctadine triacetate, hexaconazole + thiabendazole, carbendazim + prochloraz, azoxystrobin, iprodione, thiabendazole, metconazole, fluazinam and carbendazim + hexaconazole in 10 mg a.i. L^(-1). In greenhouse experiments, the results indicated that thiabendazole, hexaconazole + thiabendazole and carbendazim + hexaconazole were effective fungicides for controlling foot rot. Fungicide residues in the case of tubers showed that remains of pesticide in tubers were approximately 0.1 ppm after drenching Thiabendazole after 30 days and 60 days. The results revealed that thiabendazole was low remains of fungicide. Therefore, it is recommended that thiabendazole is the priority chemical for controlling foot rot disease over other fungicides in the future-field experiment of sweet potato.

並列關鍵字

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) ； Foot rot diseases ； Phomopsis destruens ； Fungicides screening