Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea morbidity in infants and children throughout the world. Rotavirus gastroenteritis should soon be a vaccine-preventable disease. Mortality due to rotavirus intestinal infection is very low; therefore, decision on introduction of mass rotavirus I vaccination will be based on ability of the vaccine to reduce morbidity and the associated health care cost associated with rotavirus infection. However, information of epidemiology of rotavirus infection is rare in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to review the epidemiology of rotavirusassociated intestinal infection for prevention and intervention efforts.