A Long-Term Study on Head Louse (Pediculus Humanus Capitis) Infestation Among Atayal Aboriginal Children in Nanao and Tatung Districts, Ilan County, Northeast Taiwan

宜蘭縣南澳及大同鄕泰雅族學童頭蝨症之研究

范秉真(Ping-Chin Fan) ； 鐘文政(Wen-Cheng Chung) ； 詹家璽(Chia-Hsi Chan) ； 吳金正(Chin-Cheng Wu)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 9卷2期 (1989/06) Pp. 61-68

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1989-09-02-01

摘要

自1980年2月至1984年3月間應用肉眼觀察及細齒梳檢查法在宜蘭縣南澳及大同鄉2所國民中學及18所國民小學對泰雅族學童頭蝨症連續進行13次流行病學調查。由研究結果顯示，南澳鄉頭蝨傳染率，女學童在1980年2月為49.3%，男學童在1981年5月為0%。大同鄉女學童及男學童1981年5月傳染率分別為42.6%及2.4%。1984年3月傳染率顯較降低，南澳女學童9.9%，男學童仍為0%。大同鄉女學童5%，男學童0%。女性頭蝨傳染率顯較男性為高。傳染率與季節性無關。惟山胞女童(28.3%)則顯較非山胞者(3.3%)為高。南澳檢查212位女學童，42.0%傳染頭蝨（32.5%傳染1-5隻，8.5%傳染11-50隻，0.9%超過50隻）。在787隻頭蝨中，40.3%為雌性成蟲，35.2%為稚蟲，及24.5%爲雄性成蟲。女學童平均每人傳染8.8隻頭蝨。本項長期研究顯示衛生教育為預防頭蝨症之合理途徑。無論如何，應用價廉、安全，及有效滅蝨劑乃為防治頭蝨症最佳之方法，雖然目前尚乏無毒性及有效之滅蝨劑。

並列摘要

Aboriginal school children of the Atayal tribe from one junior high and nine primary schools each in both Nanao and Tatung Districts, Ilan County, Northeast Taiwan, were examined for head louse infestation by ocular and combing methods. Thirteen consecutive surveys were conducted from February 1980 to March 1984. The infestation rate among school girls in Nanao was 49% in February 1980 and 0.0% for boys in May 1981. The rates among girls and boys in Tatung were 43% and 2%, respectively, in May 1981. By March 1984 these rates decreased to 10% among girls but remained 0.0% among boys in Nanao and 5% among girls and 0.0% among boys in Tatung. Significantly higher infection rates were found among girls than boys throughout the study, and no relationship was found between the infestation rate and season. The prevalence among aboriginal girls (28%) was significently higher than for non-aboriginal girls (3%). Of 212 aboriginal school girls examined in Nanao, 42% were found to be infested with head lice (32% with 1-10 lice, 8% with 11-50 lice, and 1% with over 50 lice). Of 787 head lice examined, 40% were adult females, 35% nymphs, and 24% adult males. The average number of head lice in each infested girl was 8.8. The results of this long-term study show that perhaps health education might be a reasonable way to prevent head louse infestation. However, the application of a cheap, safe, and effective pediculicide would be the best way to control of the head louse infestation, although no effective and non-toxic pediculicide is available at present.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan aborigines ； Epidemiology ； Pediculus ； Child