發展一個理論為基礎之衛教方案：以增進糖尿病患身體活動衛教為例

Develop a Theory-based Health Education Program on the Enhancement of Diabetic Mellitus Patients' Physical Activity

陳婉兒(Wan-Er Chen) ； 吳淑芳(Vivienne Shu-Fang Wu)

《源遠護理》 7卷1期 (2013/05) Pp. 29-35

https://doi.org/10.6530/YYN.2013.7(1).05

摘要

臨床上，一個完整的衛教計畫必須有理論依據並事先評估衛教主題、病患衛教需求、規畫適合的課程等，才能達到良好衛教成果。糖尿病衛教為病患健康照護基石，能提升病患之知識、態度、行為，進而獲疾病控制。醫護人員具備豐富的專業知識與臨床經驗，但多數缺乏完整的衛教方案設計訓練或教學理論概念不足，無法有效傳授知識、技能，以致於醫護人員於衛教上面臨壓力與困難，病患亦未能獲得有系統的學習。因此，本文將說明如何以理論為基礎來設計衛教方案，其方案流程設計涵蓋學習需求調查、主題選定、確立學習目標、設計學習活動及教學評值等，配合「糖尿病患身體活動衛教方案」為實例，期許有系統地資訊提供醫護相關人員於進行病人衛生教育計畫時之參考。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 身體活動 ； 衛生教育 ； 教學原理

並列摘要

This article describes the systemic use of a learning theory in the design of a diabetic mellitus health education program to enhance a patient's activity level. It includes learning needs assessment, setting learning goals, selecting appropriate topics, creating learning activities and evaluating teaching outcomes. Diabetes education is the foundation to improve patients' knowledge, attitude and behavior toward disease control and health promotion. To achieve the goals of health education, a complete health education plan shall include a theoretical base and individualized educational design that meets the patient's needs. Healthcare workers are experts in clinical care; however, often are challenged by lack of training on teaching theories and educational design.

並列關鍵字

diabetes ； physical activity ； health education ； teaching principles