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《京氏易傳》的易學意義與徐昂《京氏易傳箋》義例述評

Jing Fang's Theory of Yi (Learning of Change) and Xuang's Jingshi Yizhuan Jian

摘要


自《漢書.藝文志》以來,易學體系即分為兩大系統,一入於〈六藝略〉的易類,一入於〈數術略〉的蓍龜家。從〈藝文志〉七略並稱的情形來看,「六藝」與「數術」兩種知識系統大抵屬平行的地位。歷代史書基本上仍保持此兩大易學體系的劃分,《易》的經學地位大致不變,但數術知識則在學術體系中地位下降。於此兩大系統之易學體系中,特別的是,西漢京房的著述,竟可分別列於其中。經學與數術乃是透過陰陽五行的觀念而得以交會,此交會之代表乃是京房,而《京氏易傳》又是系統地五行入易之著作,這使得京房、五行、易學三者間的關係在思想史上或易學史上格外突出。今日流傳最完整的京房著作,當推《京氏易傳》;然而此書不但有真偽的問題,同時文字亦不易解讀。民國徐昂為之作《京氏易傳箋》,此書面目乃稍可辨識。本文剋就京房建候、積算部份,略述徐昂《京氏易傳箋》之基本原則。徐昂《京氏易傳箋》雖有廓清迷霧之功,但今日學界對之卻有不少疑難,撮其要為四:一是乾卦建始,二是八卦或六子卦建始之序,三是建候推算,四是納節氣之法。對京房義例的理解,牽一髮而動全身;徐昂之說,雖不無可商之處,但諸家說法,往往持論相異,未可遽證徐昂為必謬。徐昂遭疑之處,或正為京學本身隱晦處;但徐昂能於陸績之後,組織《京氏易傳》規則,使其略為可解,對京氏學研究確有開路之功及重大的里程意義。

並列摘要


Since Hanshu (History of the Former Han Dynasty), theories of Yi (Learning of Change) are divided into two systems: the one is the classics, and the other is occult skills. In Hanshu, both the two systems are basically equated; however, in the latter historical documents, the status of occult skills gradually turns down.Especially, Jing fang's theory of Yi is categorized in both systems. The classics and occult skills converge through the concept of five elements, which makes Jing fang quite outstanding the history of thought. However, ”Jingshi Yizhuan” is by no means easily understandable. With Xu ang's interpretation, ”Jingshi Yizhuan” get a little clearer. The paper tries to sum up Xu ang's interpretation and discuss some related arguments.

並列關鍵字

Jing fang Xu ang Jingshi Yizhuan Jingshi Yizhuan Jian jianhou jisuan

參考文獻


漢司馬遷(1963)。史記。北京:中華書局。
漢班固(1964)。漢書。北京:中華書局。
南朝宋范曄、唐李賢注(1973)。後漢書。北京:中華書局。
唐魏徵、唐令狐德棻(1982)。隋書。北京:中華書局。
宋朱熹(1999)。周易本義。臺北:大安出版社。

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