This paper explores the issues concerning the choice of international technology acquisition mode, the determinants affecting this choice, and the relationship between the choice and the learning performance of the international technology acquisition. By integrating the transaction cost economics and knowledge-based view of the theory of the firm, the research framework is first developed, and research hypotheses are then generated and tested on a sample of Taiwanese electronics and information technology companies. The findings reveal first that the theoretical model possesses a high explanatory power in associating the determinants and the choice of mode, and, second the choice of mode is highly correlated with the learning performance.