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愛滋陰影下的情慾規範:新聞論述中的他/她者建構

Disciplining Sexuality in a Time of AIDS: Construction of "Others" in the News Discourse

摘要


自愛滋病於1980年代初期在各地開始蔓延以來,其具高度爭議性的特質,不僅挑戰、也讓世人重新省思特定的生活型態。本研究以愛滋病主題為例,探討主流媒體如何藉由對他/她者的建構,試圖釐出對社會情慾多樣性的規範,而其中建構形貌的轉變與影響機制又為何? 本研究採論述分析方式,針對自1984年12月台灣地區首度發現愛滋病例, 至1999年底的報紙新聞進行關鍵事件立意抽樣與剖析,分析對象為中國時報、聯合報與民生報。依據他/她者建構的呈現與變化以及其中的語言展現機制,我們將分析期間的愛滋病新聞報導,分為西方進口的外來疾病期(1984年底-1985年中)、男同性戀者的疾病期(1985年中-1988年底)、入侵家庭期(1988年底-1991年中)、南亞/東南亞進口的外來疾病期(1991年中-1993年初)、識別轉變期(1993年初-1996年底)以及爭取人權期(1996年底-1999年底)等六個時期來觀察。最後,我們整理出愛滋論述中他/她者邊緣化的型態與機制,並從新聞成規的角度來看此邊緣化過程是如何進行的。據此,我們也嘗試針對被邊緣化的弱勢愛滋相關團體與個人,提出扭轉負面再現形象的策略。

關鍵字

愛滋病 新聞 烙印 邊綠化 偏差

並列摘要


The study aims to examine how ”others” have been constructed in the Taiwanese news media addressing the AIDS-related issues. It also explores the discourse patterns in the AIDS news which contributed to levels of differences in forming the subgroups of ”others.” Samples for analysis were selected from major mainstream newspapers, including China Times, United Daily News and Min Seng Bao. The time frame for sample selection is from December 1984 (when the first HIV case was reported in Taiwan) to December 1999. Based on the textual analysis of the AIDS news, the 15 years of AIDS discourse were categorized into six Periods: (l) AIDS as an imported product from the West (late-1984 to mid-1985); (2) AIDS as an gay man's disease (mid 1985-late 1988); (3) AIDS as an intruder to the family units (late 1988 to mid 1991); (4) AIDS as an imported product from South and Southeast Asia (mid 1991-early 1993); (5) AIDS as a site of identity change (early 1993-late 1996); and (6) AIDS as a public forum for human rights (late 1996-late 1999). The study concludes with highlights on three issues: (1) mechanisms and patterns of marginalization in constructing ”others” in the AIDS new; (2) agents participating in marginalization; and (3) suggestions for AIDS-related groups media advocacy advocacy.

並列關鍵字

AIDS news stigma marginalization deviance

參考文獻


Albert, E.(1986).The Social Dimensions of AIDS: Method and Theory.New York:Praeger.
Archer, D.(1985).Handbook of Social Psychology, Vol. 2.New York:Random House.
Astroff, R. J.,Nyberg, A. K.(1992).Discursive Hierarchies and the Construction of Crisis in the News: A Case Study.Discourse and Society.3(1),5-23.
Atkin, C.,Arkm, E. B.(1990).Mass Communication and Public Health.London:Sage.
Barrera, M.(1979).Race and Class in the Southeast: A Theory of Racial Inequality.Notre Dame, IN:University of Notre Dame Press.

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