奈米生醫材料於基因治療上的應用

Application of Nano-biomaterials in Gene Therapy

黃匯雯(Hui-Weng Huang) ； 楊台鴻(Tai-Homg Yang)

《台灣醫學》 16卷3期 (2012/05) Pp. 284-294

https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2012.16(3).08

摘要

基因治療對遺傳疾病是一種相當強而有力的醫療技術，其將外來基因藉由載體送入細胞中，改善原有基因的不足與缺陷。過去用來作為基因轉殖載體的材料分為兩大類－病毒式與非病毒式。早期使用病毒式轉殖載體進行研究，具有相當好的效率，但病毒式載體卻有致癌及產生免疫反應的風險。因此，非病毒式載體的開發成為現行研究重點之一。非病毒式載體，包括：電穿孔、顯微注射、基因槍、微脂體、高分子材料。其中又以結合奈米生醫材料相關技術的高分子材料最具有發展的潛質。本文首先將對於奈米生醫材料與基因治療做簡單的概述，並介紹常見之病毒式與非病毒式基因轉殖載體，以及現行使用基因轉殖的陽離子型高分子。最後介紹一種新型的轉殖技術，以單股核酸包覆基因轉殖載體之陰電性系統。

關鍵字

基因治療 ； 奈米生醫材料 ； 陽離子型高分子 ； 單股核酸

並列摘要

Gene therapy is a novel technique for treating genetic diseases; it is considered that the mutating gene could be replaced with the normal gene by using a vector. Viral and non-viral vector are two major categories of vectors which have been widely used to research on clinical application. Viral vectors have been widely used for research due to their high transduction efficiency. However, the risks of carcinogenicity or initiation of harmful immune response still exist. Therefore, development and application of non-viral vectors such as electroporation, microinjection, gene gun, liposome and polymer draw more and more attentions. Polymer vector, in particular, combining polymer with nanotechnology has developed potential for gene therapy. In this study, we displays a novel nano-vector which combining cationic polymer with oligonucleotides to be used a non-viral vector for gene therapy.

並列關鍵字

gene therapy ； nano-biomaterials ； cationic polymer ； oligonucleotides