亦存亦廢的明代承運庫

明代庫藏制度，尤其是中央各銀庫，經歷從無到有、收入擴張，並且利益糾纏不清的過程，同時又伴隨賦役折銀和一條鞭法改革。對中央各銀庫進行研究，可以進一步探討明代財政史中的賦役折銀，與國家財政需索間的關係等重大問題。雖然學界已從太倉銀庫轉為關注其他銀庫及其互動，但是研究仍然有待深入。承運庫是中央銀庫中的第一個庫藏，既有內外之分，又有南北之別，但因典籍記載的混亂失序，導致今日對其名實的認識不清，影響進一步探討明代財政機構和財政變遷的空間。本文考辨文獻記載，認為明代承運庫即外承運庫的簡稱或習稱，從而奠定進一步研究庫藏制度的基礎。

關鍵字

承運庫；內承運庫；外承運庫；明代財政

並列摘要

Storehouse institution of Ming dynasty especially central silver storehouses experienced the process of growing from nothing one after another, income expansion and interest entanglement which was accompanied by paying land and labor taxation with silver currency, and by the system of the single tax in silver(一條鞭法). Therefore, to study these silver warehouses will help us explore the relationship between paying land and labor taxation with silver and single tax system. Though academia has transferred attention from concentrating on Taicang storehouse to other silver warehouses and the correlation between them, the study still needs advancement. Chengyun warehouse was the first one which included both inside and outside, south and north. Because of the confusing records in historical resources, however, its dimness influenced the further investigation of financial institutions and its changes. So this paper discovers that chengyun warehouse was a simple name of the outside chengyun warehouse in Ming dynasty by comparing different texts carefully and makes a foundation for the further study.