鋼板剪力牆系統之耐震設計研究

Seismic Design of Steel Plate Shear Wall Systems

李昭賢(Chao-Hiein Li)

指導教授 ： 蔡克銓

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.02395

摘要

近年來，國內外許多研究都顯示鋼板剪力牆系統為一經濟性之耐震系統，少量的鋼板即能顯著地提升結構物抵抗側向力的勁度與強度。然而，對於鋼板剪力牆構架周圍梁柱構件的容量設計迄今尚未有一套明確且完整的結論，這也是目前國內外相關研究團隊的相當關注的焦點。另一方面，瘦長型鋼板剪力牆（高寬比大於1）在建築應用上有其優點，過去對於瘦長型鋼板剪力牆的研究仍屬有限。
有鑑於此，本研究對於鋼板剪力牆系統周圍梁柱構件提出一套簡易且可靠的容量設計方法，並藉由數值分析以及結構試驗的方法驗證其適用性。另一方面，本研究透過結構試驗的方法來觀察瘦長型鋼板剪力牆之耐震行為表現。
本研究的另一個重點在於進一步研發束制型鋼板剪力牆的耐震設計。在鋼板高度方向每隔一段距離處，藉由螺栓於鋼板兩面以兩支水平放置的鋼管緊緊將鋼板夾住，而鋼管的兩端利用鉸接形式與柱構件的翼板相接。在過去研究亦顯示束制構件能有效降低鋼板在發展拉力場時所伴隨的面外變形量。數值分析結果顯示：在加裝束制構件後，能降低鋼板剪力牆系統在受側力時之柱構件的彎矩與剪力需求以及梁構件的軸力需求，並且提升鋼板在構架側向變形時發展拉力場的效應，讓整片鋼板更均勻、更充分地被拉伸，進而提升整體剪力牆系統的勁度、強度以及消能能力。研究顯示適當地加裝束制鋼管能減少周圍構件的尺寸，進而設計出更具經濟性的鋼板剪力牆系統。本研究亦對束制型鋼板剪力牆的耐震設計提出建議。
本研究已於國家地震中心完成四座兩層樓瘦長型鋼板剪力牆構架之結構試驗，四座試體跨度皆為2.14公尺、總高度為6.5公尺（高寬比接近1.5），均採用厚度2.6公厘之LYS低降伏強度鋼板。其中兩座試體裝有束制構件，另外兩座則無，試驗的變化參數則為周圍梁柱構件之尺寸。試驗結果顯示本研究所提出之容量設計方法能有效地預測在鋼板剪力牆構架在側推過程中其周圍梁柱構件上塑鉸發生的位置及其出現之先後順序。試驗結果亦驗證前述束制型鋼板剪力牆具有更優越的耐震行為表現，同時也極具經濟性以及使用性。

關鍵字

鋼板剪力牆 ； 容量設計 ； 束制型鋼板剪力牆 ； 瘦長型鋼板剪力牆 ； 耐震設計

並列摘要

In recent years, several researchers have confirmed that steel plate shear wall (SPSW) systems have the advantage of using a very small amount of steel while achieving significant lateral stiffness to resist horizontal earthquake forces. However, the capacity design of the boundary elements in the SPSW frames has not been fully developed. In addition, researches conducted on the narrow SPSW systems (large height-to-width ratio) are rather limited, even though the narrow SPSW system is more desirable for architectural demand.
In this research, a methodology for the capacity design of the boundary elements in an SPSW system is proposed. The reliability of the proposed capacity design method is verified by a series of analytical and experimental studies. Seismic performance of the narrow SPSW frames is also investigated by the experiment tests.
The restrained SPSW system is constructed with horizontal restrainers made from a pair of steel tube members sandwich over the steel panel from the two sides using through bolts and pin-connected to the column flanges. Past research results have indicated that restrainers can successfully reduce the large out-of-plane displacement of the steel pate. In this research, extensive analytical studies demonstrate that the restrainers are able to reduce the flexural and shear demands of the columns and the axial load demand of the beams. It also promotes the development of the tension field action in the steel panel. Tests confirmed that properly using the horizontal restrainers, the size of the boundary elements can be reduced. Recommendation on the seismic design of the restrained SPSW systems is also provided in this research.
Four 2-story 2.14-meter wide by 6.5-meter narrow SPSW frames were constructed and cyclically tested to a roof drift of 0.05 radians in National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE). The low yield strength steel plates of 2.6mm were adopted for all four specimens. Two out of four SPSWs were constructed with horizontal restrainers. The key parameter of this series of tests is the size of the boundary elements of the specimens. Tests results confirm that the proposed capacity design method is effective in predicting the forming location and sequence of the plastic hinges. Tests also confirm that the restrained SPSW systems are more economical and have better seismic performance and serviceability than unrestrained SPSW systems.

並列關鍵字

steel plate shear wall ； capacity design ； restrained steel plate shear wall ； seismic design ； Narrow steel plate shear wall

參考文獻

27. 林志翰 (2005), 「實尺寸兩層樓鋼板剪力牆子結構擬動態試驗與分析」，國立台灣大學土木工程學系結構工程組碩士論文。

28. 林盈成 (2004), 「低降伏強度鋼板剪力牆之耐震行為研究」，國立台灣大學土木工程學系結構工程組碩士論文。

30. 謝旺達 (2006), 「鋼板剪力牆之有限元素分析與設計研究」，國立台灣大學土木工程學系結構工程組碩士論文。

13. Engelhardt, M.D., Winneberger, T., Zekany, A.J., and Potyraj, T.J., (1998), “Experimental Investigation of Dogbone Moment Connections”, Engineering Journal, fourth quarter, pp.128~138.

29. 陳生金與張耀文(2000), 「低降伏鋼鋼板剪力牆之耐震特性」,第五屆結構工程研討會。